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Influence Strategies, Success, and War

Author

Listed:
  • Russell J. Leng

    (Political Science Middlebury College)

  • Hugh G. Wheeler

    (Political Science Middlebury College)

Abstract

This article studies the effectiveness of influence strategies in serious dyadic disputes. Influence strategies are classified according to four types: bullying, reciprocating, appeasing, and trial-and-error. The study employs events data from twenty serious disputes occurring in the twentieth century. The findings support the central hypothesis that a reciprocating strategy is the most effective means of avoiding a diplomatic defeat without going to war, especially when it is employed against a bullying opponent. A closer look at the individual cases suggests that this is related to the face-saving properties of this approach, as well as the universal norm of reciprocity in international affairs.

Suggested Citation

  • Russell J. Leng & Hugh G. Wheeler, 1979. "Influence Strategies, Success, and War," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 23(4), pages 655-684, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:jocore:v:23:y:1979:i:4:p:655-684
    DOI: 10.1177/002200277902300404
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Singer, J. David, 1963. "Inter-Nation Influence: A Formal Model," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 57(2), pages 420-430, June.
    2. Philip S. Gallo Jr & Charles G. McClintock, 1965. "Cooperative and competitive behavior in mixed-motive games," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 9(1), pages 68-78, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Lewis House & Michael Ward, 1988. "The behavioral power of nations: an analysis of verbal conflict using the equations of statistical equilibrium," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 22(2), pages 167-189, June.

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