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Planning the Millennium City: The politics of place-making in Gurgaon, India

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  • Shoshana R. Goldstein

Abstract

Since India’s economic liberalization, rising costs in urban centers have pushed growth to the peripheries of cities. The territory on which new towns emerge often bears a long history of village life and land tenure, even as the political-economy of real estate asserts alternative identities on such places. This paper explores the phenomenon of place-making, using the case of Gurgaon, Delhi’s burgeoning satellite. Gurgaon’s growth has taken place largely in the absence of municipal city planning. Its boosters have branded it the “millennium city.†Gurgaon is the sum of hundreds of private land deals, with a pixelated built environment of affluent gated enclaves, villages, and pockets of underdevelopment. Many former farmers have become landlords, enriched and active in the real estate game, while others have been less fortunate, yet little scholarship has focused on the interactions between residents of different communities, and the process of social and cultural capital formation that under girds place-making and attempts to resolve planning issues. What possibilities exist in the post-liberalization Indian city for residents to forge a coherent sense of place or plan within the piecemeal? Drawing on interviews with residents, urban villagers, domestic staff, planners and developers, the paper argues that place-making in Gurgaon constitutes a form of planning in its own right, as actors at various levels of agency attempt to solidify claims of residency and take up many of the responsibilities of planning.

Suggested Citation

  • Shoshana R. Goldstein, 2016. "Planning the Millennium City: The politics of place-making in Gurgaon, India," International Area Studies Review, Center for International Area Studies, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, vol. 19(1), pages 12-27, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:sae:intare:v:19:y:2016:i:1:p:12-27
    DOI: 10.1177/2233865916628798
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dani Rodrik & Arvind Subramanian, 2005. "From "Hindu Growth" to Productivity Surge: The Mystery of the Indian Growth Transition," IMF Staff Papers, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 52(2), pages 193-228, September.
    2. Srivastava, Sanjay, 2014. "Entangled Urbanism: Slum, Gated Community and Shopping Mall in Delhi and Gurgaon," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198099147.
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    1. Meher Bhagia & Mallika Bose, 2024. "Who owns the city? Neoliberal urbanism and land purchases in Gurgaon, India," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 61(3), pages 445-461, February.
    2. Gupta, Ashish & Tiwari, Piyush, 2022. "An analysis of land and property development models, and stakeholders: A case of National Capital Region, India," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 117(C).
    3. Smriti Singh, 2024. "SOCIOSPATIAL FORMATION OF MIDDLE‐CLASS DISTINCTION: The Educated Middle Classes in Neo‐urban India," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 48(3), pages 386-402, May.
    4. Aditya Ray, 2020. "IT-Oriented Infrastructural Development, Urban Co-Dependencies, and the Reconfiguration of Everyday Politics in Pune, India," Urban Planning, Cogitatio Press, vol. 5(4), pages 371-383.
    5. Devra Waldman, 2022. "AIMING FOR THE ‘GREEN’: (Post)Colonial and Aesthetic Politics in the Design of a Purified Gated Environment," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 46(2), pages 235-252, March.

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