IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/inrsre/v40y2017i6p616-637.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Maximum Likelihood and Firth Logistic Regression of the Pedestrian Route Choice

Author

Listed:
  • Tae-Hyoung Tommy Gim
  • Joonho Ko

Abstract

To investigate how a pedestrian chooses a particular route in an urban center, this study analyzes the effects of individual and built environment characteristics on the route choice using binary logistic regression of 524 survey responses. Conducted in a strategic area, the survey, as often is the case, collects data that are skewed and face the separation issue—the same outcome always occurs for a particular value of a predictor—according to which estimates by the conventional maximum likelihood (ML) method are inflated. Thus, one mechanical and one statistical alternative are employed: (1) exclusion of a variable that causes separation and (2) estimation by Firth’s penalized method. The two alternatives produce comparable results of the significance testing, that is, p values, but their coefficient estimates considerably differ inasmuch as the mechanical approach used for the ML logistic regression forcefully omits the important variable and subsequently biases the estimates of other predictors. Compared to these ML estimates, empirical findings from the Firth logistic regression are presented in a way that corrects for the ML bias.

Suggested Citation

  • Tae-Hyoung Tommy Gim & Joonho Ko, 2017. "Maximum Likelihood and Firth Logistic Regression of the Pedestrian Route Choice," International Regional Science Review, , vol. 40(6), pages 616-637, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:inrsre:v:40:y:2017:i:6:p:616-637
    DOI: 10.1177/0160017615626214
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0160017615626214
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/0160017615626214?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mokhtarian, Patricia L. & Salomon, Ilan, 2001. "How derived is the demand for travel? Some conceptual and measurement considerations," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 35(8), pages 695-719, September.
    2. Tae-Hyoung Tommy Gim, 2013. "The relationships between land use measures and travel behavior: a meta-analytic approach," Transportation Planning and Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 36(5), pages 413-434, July.
    3. Tae‐Hyoung Tommy Gim, 2011. "A Comparison of the Effects of Objective and Perceived Land Use on Travel Behavior," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 42(4), pages 571-600, December.
    4. Tae-Hyoung Gim, 2012. "A meta-analysis of the relationship between density and travel behavior," Transportation, Springer, vol. 39(3), pages 491-519, May.
    5. McFadden, Daniel, 1974. "The measurement of urban travel demand," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 3(4), pages 303-328, November.
    6. Zorn, Christopher, 2005. "A Solution to Separation in Binary Response Models," Political Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 13(2), pages 157-170, April.
    7. Pitu Mirchandani & Hossein Soroush, 1987. "Generalized Traffic Equilibrium with Probabilistic Travel Times and Perceptions," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 21(3), pages 133-152, August.
    8. Ali Soltani & Seyed Hosein Hoseini, 2014. "An analysis of the connection between built environment, physical activity and health: comparing three urban neighbourhoods from Shiraz, Iran," International Journal of Urban Sciences, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(1), pages 19-30, March.
    9. So-Hyun Park & Jun-Hyung Kim & Yee-Myung Choi & Han-Lim Seo, 2013. "Design elements to improve pleasantness, vitality, safety, and complexity of the pedestrian environment: evidence from a Korean neighbourhood walkability case study," International Journal of Urban Sciences, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(1), pages 142-160, March.
    10. Hoogendoorn, S. P. & Bovy, P. H. L., 2004. "Pedestrian route-choice and activity scheduling theory and models," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 38(2), pages 169-190, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Shatu, Farjana & Yigitcanlar, Tan & Bunker, Jonathan, 2019. "Shortest path distance vs. least directional change: Empirical testing of space syntax and geographic theories concerning pedestrian route choice behaviour," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 37-52.
    2. Shatu, Farjana & Yigitcanlar, Tan & Bunker, Jonathan, 2019. "Objective vs. subjective measures of street environments in pedestrian route choice behaviour: Discrepancy and correlates of non-concordance," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 1-23.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Tae-Hyoung Tommy Gim, 2016. "Testing the Reciprocal Relationship between Attitudes and Land Use in Relation to Trip Frequencies," International Regional Science Review, , vol. 39(2), pages 203-227, April.
    2. Tae-Hyoung Tommy Gim, 2018. "An Analysis of the Relationship between Land Use and Weekend Travel: Focusing on the Internal Capture of Trips," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-17, February.
    3. Ding, Chuan & Cao, Xinyu (Jason) & Næss, Petter, 2018. "Applying gradient boosting decision trees to examine non-linear effects of the built environment on driving distance in Oslo," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 107-117.
    4. Román, Concepción & Martín, Juan Carlos & Espino, Raquel & Cherchi, Elisabetta & Ortúzar, Juan de Dios & Rizzi, Luis Ignacio & González, Rosa Marina & Amador, Francisco Javier, 2014. "Valuation of travel time savings for intercity travel: The Madrid-Barcelona corridor," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 105-117.
    5. Shamshiripour, Ali & Rahimi, Ehsan & (Kouros) Mohammadian, Abolfazl & Auld, Joshua, 2020. "Investigating the influence of latent lifestyles on productive travels: Insights into designing autonomous transit system," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 469-484.
    6. Tae-Hyoung Tommy Gim, 2017. "Full Random Coefficients Multilevel Modeling of the Relationship between Land Use and Trip Time on Weekdays and Weekends," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-26, October.
    7. Tae‐Hyoung T. Gim, 2021. "Partial least squares regression and importance–satisfaction analyses of the strategic drivers of happiness: A quality of life survey in Seoul, Korea," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 52(1), pages 567-599, March.
    8. Tae‐Hyoung Tommy Gim, 2020. "The relationship between overall happiness and perceived transportation services relative to other individual and environmental variables," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 51(2), pages 712-733, June.
    9. Tae-Hyoung Tommy Gim, 2023. "Residential self-selection or socio-ecological interaction? the effects of sociodemographic and attitudinal characteristics on the built environment–travel behavior relationship," Transportation, Springer, vol. 50(4), pages 1347-1398, August.
    10. Malokin, Aliaksandr & Circella, Giovanni & Mokhtarian, Patricia L., 2019. "How do activities conducted while commuting influence mode choice? Using revealed preference models to inform public transportation advantage and autonomous vehicle scenarios," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 82-114.
    11. Tae‐Hyoung Tommy Gim, 2023. "The corona blues according to daily life changes by COVID‐19: A partial least squares regression model," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 54(2), pages 386-403, June.
    12. Tae-Hyoung Tommy Gim, 2017. "Investigating travel utility elements in association with travel time and mode choice: the case of Seoul, South Korea," Transportation Planning and Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 40(6), pages 641-660, August.
    13. O’Driscoll, Conor & Crowley, Frank & Doran, Justin & McCarthy, Nóirín, 2023. "Land-use mixing in Irish cities: Implications for sustainable development," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    14. Youngkook Kim, 2016. "Impacts of the perception of physical environments and the actual physical environments on self-rated health," International Journal of Urban Sciences, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(1), pages 73-87, March.
    15. Diana Romero‐Espinosa & Mauricio Sarrias & Ricardo Daziano, 2021. "Are preferences for city attributes heterogeneous? An assessment using a discrete choice experiment," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 100(1), pages 251-272, February.
    16. Shin, Eun Jin, 2020. "Commuter benefits programs: Impacts on mode choice, VMT, and spillover effects," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 11-22.
    17. Yavuz Duvarcı & Tan Yigitcanlar, 2019. "Can Tube Tunnel Crossings Relieve Urban Congestion Problems? Izmir Tube Tunnel Project Proposal Under Scrutiny," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-22, May.
    18. Yang, Linchuan & Ao, Yibin & Ke, Jintao & Lu, Yi & Liang, Yuan, 2021. "To walk or not to walk? Examining non-linear effects of streetscape greenery on walking propensity of older adults," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    19. Bartosz Bursa & Markus Mailer & Kay W. Axhausen, 2022. "Intra-destination travel behavior of alpine tourists: a literature review on choice determinants and the survey work," Transportation, Springer, vol. 49(5), pages 1465-1516, October.
    20. Lovejoy, Kristin, 2012. "Mobility Fulfillment Among Low-car Households: Implications for Reducing Auto Dependence in the United States," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt4v44b5qn, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:inrsre:v:40:y:2017:i:6:p:616-637. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.