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The Effects of Gender Composition in Academic Departments on Faculty Turnover

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  • Pamela S. Tolbert
  • Tal Simons
  • Alice Andrews
  • Jaehoon Rhee

Abstract

Using data collected from a sample of 50 academic departments over the years 1977–88, the authors test several hypotheses about the effects of departmental gender composition on faculty turnover. They find that as the proportion of women in a department grew, turnover among women also increased, confirming the prediction that increases in the relative size of a minority will result in increased intergroup competition and conflict. The evidence also suggests, however, that when the proportion of female faculty reached a threshold of about 35–40%, turnover among women began to decline. The proportion of women had a negligible or negative impact on turnover among male faculty. The authors discuss the implications of this research for the implementation of affirmative action policies.

Suggested Citation

  • Pamela S. Tolbert & Tal Simons & Alice Andrews & Jaehoon Rhee, 1995. "The Effects of Gender Composition in Academic Departments on Faculty Turnover," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 48(3), pages 562-579, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:ilrrev:v:48:y:1995:i:3:p:562-579
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    Cited by:

    1. David Neumark & Rosella Gardecki, 1998. "Women Helping Women? Role Model and Mentoring Effects on Female Ph.D. Students in Economics," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 33(1), pages 220-246.
    2. Xuhong Su & Barry Bozeman, 2016. "Family Friendly Policies in STEM Departments: Awareness and Determinants," Research in Higher Education, Springer;Association for Institutional Research, vol. 57(8), pages 990-1009, December.
    3. Michelle M. Duguid & Denise Lewin Loyd & Pamela S. Tolbert, 2012. "The Impact of Categorical Status, Numeric Representation, and Work Group Prestige on Preference for Demographically Similar Others: A Value Threat Approach," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 23(2), pages 386-401, April.
    4. Illong Kwon & Eva Meyersson Milgrom, "undated". "Working for Female Managers: Gender Hierarchy in the Workplace," Discussion Papers 09-006, Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research.
    5. Kathleen L. McGinn & Katherine L. Milkman, 2013. "Looking Up and Looking Out: Career Mobility Effects of Demographic Similarity Among Professionals," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 24(4), pages 1041-1060, August.
    6. Bernt Bratsberg & James F. Ragan & John T. Warren, 2010. "Does Raiding Explain The Negative Returns To Faculty Seniority?," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 48(3), pages 704-721, July.
    7. Joyce B. Main, 2018. "Kanter’s Theory of Proportions: Organizational Demography and PhD Completion in Science and Engineering Departments," Research in Higher Education, Springer;Association for Institutional Research, vol. 59(8), pages 1059-1073, December.

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