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Configurational Modelling of Urban Movement Networks

Author

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  • A Penn
  • B Hillier
  • D Banister
  • J Xu

Abstract

Transportation research has usually seen road networks as inert systems to be navigated and eventually filled up by traffic. A new type of ‘configurational’ road network modelling, coupled to detailed studies of vehicular and pedestrian flows, has shown that road networks have a much more constructive role. They strongly influence the pattern of flows through quantifiable properties of the network ‘configuration’. Recent research results are presented showing that rates of vehicular movement in road segments are to a greater extent than previously realised the direct outcome of the location of those segments in the network configuration as a whole and that this is the case especially in the fine structure of the urban grid. A supply and demand model of urban movement is proposed in which the degree to which a street alignment is on simplest routes between all other pairs of alignments in the system determines the demand side of the equation, and the effective road width available to traffic determines the supply side. Regression analysis shows that these two factors alone account for the majority of the variance in flows from street to street ( r 2 ∼ 0.8). A model is then proposed of the evolution of the city in allocation of land uses to land parcels, and the allocation of capacity in the road network, where each reinforces the underlaying configurational logic through a feedback ‘multiplier’ effect. These findings suggest the possibility of using urban design parameters, such as the plan configuration of the street grid, building height, and street width, to arrive at a better controlled relationship between vehicles and pedestrians in urban areas. As these design parameters are under the direct control of the urban master-planner, the new techniques lend themselves to application in design decision support. A case example of the application of these techniques in the master-planning of the redevelopment of London's South Bank cultural centre is presented.

Suggested Citation

  • A Penn & B Hillier & D Banister & J Xu, 1998. "Configurational Modelling of Urban Movement Networks," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 25(1), pages 59-84, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:sae:envirb:v:25:y:1998:i:1:p:59-84
    DOI: 10.1068/b250059
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Lebendiger, Yonatan & Lerman, Yoav, 2019. "Applying space syntax for surface rapid transit planning," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 59-72.
    2. Zhao, Shuangming & Zhao, Pengxiang & Cui, Yunfan, 2017. "A network centrality measure framework for analyzing urban traffic flow: A case study of Wuhan, China," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 478(C), pages 143-157.
    3. Jeong, Sang Kyu & Ban, Yong Un, 2016. "A point-based angular analysis model for identifying attributes of spaces at nodes in street networks," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 450(C), pages 71-84.
    4. Shatu, Farjana & Yigitcanlar, Tan & Bunker, Jonathan, 2019. "Shortest path distance vs. least directional change: Empirical testing of space syntax and geographic theories concerning pedestrian route choice behaviour," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 37-52.
    5. Kayvan Karimi, 2018. "Space syntax: consolidation and transformation of an urban research field," Journal of Urban Design, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(1), pages 1-4, January.
    6. Yu Ye & Hanting Xie & Jia Fang & Hetao Jiang & De Wang, 2019. "Daily Accessed Street Greenery and Housing Price: Measuring Economic Performance of Human-Scale Streetscapes via New Urban Data," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-21, March.
    7. Daeyoung Jeong & Yun Eui Choi & Lilan Jin & Jinhyung Chon, 2019. "Impact of Spatial Change on Tourism by Bridge Connections between Islands: A Case Study of Ganghwa County in South Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(22), pages 1-17, November.
    8. Lamíquiz, Patxi J. & López-Domínguez, Jorge, 2015. "Effects of built environment on walking at the neighbourhood scale. A new role for street networks by modelling their configurational accessibility?," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 148-163.
    9. Kyung Wook Seo & Sugie Lee, 2019. "Oxcart Route in the City: Tracking the Urbanization Process of an Agricultural Village in Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-17, April.
    10. Abhijit Paul, 2014. "A comparative assessment of edge-effect with syntax integration generated in axial and unit-segment approaches to modelling vehicular movement networks," International Journal of Urban Sciences, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(3), pages 340-354, November.
    11. Lowry, Michael, 2014. "Spatial interpolation of traffic counts based on origin–destination centrality," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 98-105.

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