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Spatial Structure, Spatial Interaction, and Their Integration: A Review of Alternative Models

Author

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  • R J Bennett

    (Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EN, England)

  • R P Haining

    (Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, England)

  • A G Wilson

    (School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, England)

Abstract

Models of spatial structure, spatial interaction, and integrated location-interaction models are reviewed and the nature of their contribution to the geographer's understanding of patterns and change is explored. The main discussion focuses first on spatial structure and then on spatial interaction. Integrated models are explored in relation to six categories employed by Zeeman, the first of these being concerned with pattern, the rest with increasingly complicated aspects of dynamics. The categories are: equilibrium, ‘fast’ dynamics, ‘slow’ dynamics, feedbacks, noise, and diffusion. The argument is illustrated by examples at each stage.

Suggested Citation

  • R J Bennett & R P Haining & A G Wilson, 1985. "Spatial Structure, Spatial Interaction, and Their Integration: A Review of Alternative Models," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 17(5), pages 625-645, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:envira:v:17:y:1985:i:5:p:625-645
    DOI: 10.1068/a170625
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. R. H. Shumway & D. S. Stoffer, 1982. "An Approach To Time Series Smoothing And Forecasting Using The Em Algorithm," Journal of Time Series Analysis, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 3(4), pages 253-264, July.
    2. Bennett, R J, 1977. "Consistent Estimation of Nonstationary Parameters for Small Sample Situations-A Monte Carlo Study," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 18(2), pages 489-502, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. David Gray, 2005. "An examination of regional interaction and super-regions in Britain: An error correction model approach," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 39(5), pages 619-632.
    2. Y Ishikawa, 1987. "An Empirical Study of the Competing Destinations Model Using Japanese Interaction Data," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 19(10), pages 1359-1373, October.
    3. P Plummer & R Haining & E Sheppard, 1998. "Spatial Pricing in Interdependent Markets: Testing Assumptions and Modeling Price Variation. A Case Study of Gasoline Retailing in St Cloud, Minnesota," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 30(1), pages 67-84, January.
    4. P B Slater, 1989. "A Field Theory of Spatial Interaction," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 21(1), pages 121-126, January.
    5. Katherine Curtis & Elizabeth Fussell & Jack DeWaard, 2015. "Recovery Migration After Hurricanes Katrina and Rita: Spatial Concentration and Intensification in the Migration System," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 52(4), pages 1269-1293, August.
    6. S Brown, 1992. "The Wheel of Retail Gravitation?," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 24(10), pages 1409-1429, October.
    7. P Plummer, 1996. "Competitive Dynamics in Hierarchically Organized Markets: Spatial Duopoly and Demand Asymmetries," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 28(11), pages 2021-2040, November.

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