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From censorship to active support: The Korean state and Korea’s cultural industries

Author

Listed:
  • Seung-Ho Kwon
  • Joseph Kim

    (Korea Research Institute, The University of New South Wales, Australia)

Abstract

This article examines the phenomenal growth of Korean cultural industries and their export to East Asia and other parts of the world. In the early years of industrialisation, culture was used by the authoritarian regime as a form of ideological support. Strict controls were exercised over cultural production and presentation. Controls were later relaxed as the regime used entertainment and sport as popular distractions. However, the increase in television ownership, the growth of domestic electronics and home appliance industries, and rising incomes (especially among the middle class) provided the material base for the growth of cultural industries following democratisation in the 1990s. Cultural industries became key drivers of economic growth, innovation and employment, and were strongly promoted and supported by government in the style of the developmental state. The result was burgeoning production and international trade across a wide spectrum of cultural industries – film, television drama, animation, video games and music. As a reflection of the increasing integration of Korea into world markets, the government also had to ensure compliance with international trade regulations and clamp down on piracy. Today, the Korean Wave of popular culture has reached consumers in all parts of the world and makes a significant contribution to Korean gross domestic product and exports.

Suggested Citation

  • Seung-Ho Kwon & Joseph Kim, 2013. "From censorship to active support: The Korean state and Korea’s cultural industries," The Economic and Labour Relations Review, , vol. 24(4), pages 517-532, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:ecolab:v:24:y:2013:i:4:p:517-532
    DOI: 10.1177/1035304613508873
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. O. Yul Kwon, 2010. "The Korean Economy in Transition," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 1956.
    2. Sung-Young Kim, 2012. "Transitioning from fast-follower to innovator: The institutional foundations of the Korean telecommunications sector," Review of International Political Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(1), pages 140-168.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Cultural industries; developmental state; Korea;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L16 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics; Macroeconomic Industrial Structure
    • L52 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - Industrial Policy; Sectoral Planning Methods

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