Impact Of Parking Fees On Social Benefits Based On The Emergence Of Shared Parking

Shared parking, complementary to public parking, effectively alleviates the problem of parking difficulties in city. Shared parking spaces could reduce the difficulty of parking, which will potentially trigger the increasing of vehicles traveling, resulting in congestion, pollution and other negative externalities. In the view of environmental performance, exhaust emissions from road traffic, mainly cars, are the main reason of pollution. The rising prices of parking space, which may decrease vehicle travelling, could be an effective policy to reduce automobile travel, encourage public transport then reduce the impact of traffic on urban environment. Different from the discussion of shared parking itself, this study constructs an idealized model by discrete choice to find the relationship between the social benefits of city and public parking fees. Through the instance analysis, this paper analyzes the impact of government pricing on public parking spaces on a certain city problem including giving priority to alleviating traffic congestion, increasing fiscal revenue, reducing exhaust emissions and mitigate air pollution or the goal of comprehensive development. Increasing parking fees will result in an increase in overall income including parking fees and bus fares. And with the increasing of parking fees, more people will transfer to public transport, which will ease congestion and reduce traffic emission. To achieve the maximum social benefits, the urban public agents should develop an optimal public parking prices within a certain range.