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Research and Development Costs in Retail Trade

Author

Listed:
  • Radojko LUKIC

    (Faculty of Economics, Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Srdjan LALIC

    (Faculty of Economics, Brcko, University of East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina)

  • Dragana VOJTESKI KLJENAK

    (Faculty of Business Economics and Entrepreneurship, Serbia)

Abstract

Research and development expenses are crucial business performance factors for all enterprises, including trading companies. The size and structure of these expenses depend largely on the nature of a company's activities. Due to such importance and specificity, the research focus of this article is on R&D expenses in trading companies with particular emphasis on retail companies. Their share in the sales revenue of trading companies is increasingly important and determined by many factors, such as innovation, size, location, product categories, and others. Due to varying intensity of influence of these and other factors, research and development expenses in commercial companies differ among countries, trade types (wholesale, retail, wholesale and retail), retail formats (store types) and product categories. Understanding the factors of these differences is important for efficient management of research and development costs in trade, particularly retail companies. They are the focus of research in this work.

Suggested Citation

  • Radojko LUKIC & Srdjan LALIC & Dragana VOJTESKI KLJENAK, 2016. "Research and Development Costs in Retail Trade," Management and Economics Review, Faculty of Management, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, vol. 1(2), pages 170-182, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:rom:merase:v:1:y:2016:i:2:p:170-182
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kokko, Ari & Tingvall, Patrik Gustavsson & Videnord, Josefin, 2015. "The growth effects of R&D spending in the EU: A meta-analysis," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal (2007-2020), Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel), vol. 9, pages 1-26.
    2. Sorescu, Alina & Frambach, Ruud T. & Singh, Jagdip & Rangaswamy, Arvind & Bridges, Cheryl, 2011. "Innovations in Retail Business Models," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 87(S1), pages 3-16.
    3. K. S. Sujit & B. K. Rajesh, 2016. "Determinants of Discretionary Investments," SAGE Open, , vol. 6(1), pages 21582440166, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    significance and strategy; innovation; brand and knowledge; intangibles and capitalization; online retailing and information technology; control.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L81 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Retail and Wholesale Trade; e-Commerce
    • M42 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Accounting - - - Auditing
    • Q32 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation - - - Exhaustible Resources and Economic Development

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