The Structural Adjustment Program (Sap) And The Policy Transformation In Tanzania

In the 1970s Tanzania began to face stiff challenges which hindered its economic development. Tanzania by that time was following the Ujamaa policy as the Prime policy for socio-economic and political development. But the increasing waves of the Cold war politics in Third World Countries created the atmosphere of misunderstanding between the government and bureaucrats, the circumstance of misunderstanding caused by the harsh conditions for the economic support which imposed by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank (WB). Tanzania found its self in a stiff opposition within the country and outside which resulted in many reforms to take place. The policy transformation in Tanzania was inevitable because during the last quarter of the 20th century the Soviet Union lost its supremacy to compete with Capitalist bloc. Thus, the failure of the Soviet Union to support the minor socialist countries like Tanzania pushed the Ujamaa policy into the slaughter room. When the Ujamaa policy proved a failure, the government forced to change its economic set-up. In this way, the capitalist countries, internal bureaucrats, and stood firm to force the Tanzanian government toward liberalization policy. Therefore, this article will analyze the whole process of policy transformation and their performances in the improvement of social and economic activities in Tanzania.