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Une analyse historiographique des causes du cycle économique en Tunisie

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  • Fathi, Elachhab

    (École Supérieure des Sciences Économiques et Commerciales de Tunis)

Abstract

This paper presents a historiographical analysis of the Tunisian business cycle sources between the 1st quarter of 1970 and the 2nd quarter of 2002. We begin, using the industrial production index, with a retrospective exam of the output gap which provides an economic diagnosis of the cyclical movement causes. Then, we classify the causes of the cycles between supply and demand shocks, internal and external. After that, a VAR model of a small open economy helps us determine the real weight of the different shocks in the cyclical movements. We also isolate the active phases of strong volatility from the quiet phases of weak volatility. We find that (i) the Tunisian economy is vulnerable to the domestic shocks, supply and demand, as well as to the evolution of the international cycle; (ii) there is a preponderance of supply internal shocks in the explanation of the business cycle and we note that internal demand shocks exerce a relatively weak effect; (iii) the external shocks contribution is relatively weak and is fundamentally explained by supply shocks; (iv) the cyclical movements between 1980 and 1990 are characterized by an active period of strong volatility followed by a relatively quiet period (1990-2002). Cet article se propose d’établir une analyse historiographique des causes du cycle économique en Tunisie sur la période qui va du 1er trimestre de 1970 au 2e trimestre de 2002. Un examen rétrospectif de l’écart conjoncturel de l’indice de production industrielle permet, d’abord, de fournir un diagnostic économique des causes des mouvements cycliques. Une classification des cycles permet, ensuite, de séparer ces causes en chocs d’offre et de demande, internes et externes. Une modélisation VAR d’une petite économie ouverte permet, enfin, de déterminer le poids réel des différents chocs dans le retournement cyclique et d’isoler les phases actives de forte volatilité, des phases calmes de faible volatilité. On montre alors : (i) que l’économie tunisienne est vulnérable aux chocs domestiques, d’offre et de demande, ainsi qu’à l’évolution de la conjoncture internationale; (ii) qu’il existe une prépondérance des chocs d’offre interne dans l’explication du cycle économique, notamment que les chocs de demande interne exercent un effet transitoire favorable relativement faible par rapport aux chocs d’offre; (iii) que la contribution des chocs externes est relativement faible et se trouve être, fondamentalement, expliquée par les chocs d’offre et (iv) que les mouvements cycliques sont caractérisés par une période active de forte volatilité, soit les années 1980-1990, suivie par une période relativement calme, les années 1990-2002.

Suggested Citation

  • Fathi, Elachhab, 2007. "Une analyse historiographique des causes du cycle économique en Tunisie," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 83(3), pages 359-397, septembre.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:actuec:v:83:y:2007:i:3:p:359-397
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Kamel Helali, 2022. "Markov Switching-Vector AutoRegression Model Analysis of the Economic and Growth Cycles in Tunisia and Its Main European Partners," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 13(1), pages 656-686, March.
    2. Fathi Elachhab, 2009. "Décrire le cycle économique en Tunisie," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 189(3), pages 75-92.
    3. Mehdi Bhoury & Mohamed Slim Mouha, 2015. "Characteristics of the Tunisian Business Cycle and its International Synchronization," IHEID Working Papers 16-2015, Economics Section, The Graduate Institute of International Studies.

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