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Le pétrole : économie et politique

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  • Ayoub, Antoine

    (Département d’économique, Université Laval)

Abstract

This article deals with the evolution of the international petroleum sector since 1973 with a special view to interdependence between the economic and political factors that influence it. Two issues are focused upon: (1) the effects of the nationalization of oil companies on the sharing of oil rents and on changes in the structure of the oil market; and (2) the determination of oil prices. The latter involves a discussion of, on the one hand, the political and economic behaviour of the United States and Saudi Arabia and, on the other, the combination of cooperation and conflict that has tended to characterize relations among OPEC countries. L’article présente une synthèse et une tentative d’explication de l’évolution du secteur pétrolier international depuis 1973 en tenant compte du phénomène de l’interdépendance entre les facteurs économiques et les facteurs politiques. Deux points sont privilégiés. Le premier est l’examen des effets des nationalisations (facteur institutionnel) sur le partage de la rente pétrolière et les modifications des structures du marché. Le deuxième point met l’accent, d’une part, sur les comportements économiques et politiques des États-Unis et de l’Arabie Saoudite, et d’autre part, sur le « conflit-coopération » entre les pays de l’OPEP, pour expliquer la détermination et l’évolution des prix.

Suggested Citation

  • Ayoub, Antoine, 1994. "Le pétrole : économie et politique," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 70(4), pages 499-520, décembre.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:actuec:v:70:y:1994:i:4:p:499-520
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Paul J. Frankel, 1989. "Principles of Petroleum - Then and Now," The Energy Journal, International Association for Energy Economics, vol. 0(Number 2), pages 1-5.
    2. Antoine Ayoub, 1990. "Oil to 2000," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 14(2), pages 163-167, May.
    3. Moran, Theodore H., 1981. "Modeling OPEC behavior: economic and political alternatives," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 35(2), pages 241-272, April.
    4. Griffin, James M, 1985. "OPEC Behavior: A Test of Alternative Hypotheses," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 75(5), pages 954-963, December.
    5. Adelman, Morris Albert, 1986. "Scarcity and World Oil Prices," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 68(3), pages 387-397, August.
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