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Comportements de fécondité des Québécoises, allocations familiales et impôts : résultats et simulations d’un modèle de choix discrets portant sur les années 1975-1987

Author

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  • Lefebvre, Pierre

    (Département des sciences économiques, Université du Québec à Montréal)

  • Brouillette, Liliane

    (Département des sciences économiques, Université du Québec à Montréal)

  • Felteau, Claude

    (Département des sciences économiques, Université du Québec à Montréal)

Abstract

We suppose that women (couples), who are less than 40 years old, are faced with three types of sequential decisions: the fertility decision, the decision relative to the number of children to have and the decision concerning labour force participation. The hierarchical process of decision defines different situations (eight) that have an option value. We use a nested polychotomous discrete choice model to estimate the responsiveness of the behaviour of "married" women in Québec to variations in the expected flow of revenue resulting from changes in the parameters of the personal income tax and in the level of public monetary transfers conditional on the number of children. The model is estimated with micro-data from 9 repeated cross-sections for the years 1975 to 1987 with a full information maximum likelihood method. Our estimation of female wage equations conditional on the number of children takes into account the problem of sample selectivity. Finally this empirical setting is used to simulate the effects of changes made to the fiscal and tranfer policies in favor of families with dependent children on fertility, women labour force participation and the importance of spending costs for the two levels of government. On suppose que les femmes « mariées » (les couples) font face à trois types de décisions séquentielles : la décision de fécondité, la décision quant au nombre d’enfants et la décision de travailler ou de ne pas travailler. Ce processus hiérarchique de prise de décision définit différentes options (huit) caractérisées par leur valeur. Un modèle logistique de choix discrets évaluant la sensibilité des comportements des Québécoises à des changements dans les flux attendus de revenu liés à des modifications de la politique familiale gouvernementale (exemptions, crédits d’impôt, allocations familiales) a été estimé, à l’aide de micro-données provenant de 9 coupes transversales et portant sur les années 1975 à 1987, par une procédure de maximum de vraisemblance à information complète, en tenant compte du problème d’autosélection des échantillons. Les résultats empiriques du modèle montrent que la fiscalité personnelle conditionnelle à la présence des enfants et les allocations familiales influencent à la hausse la fécondité dans le cas des familles qui ont déjà des enfants. Ceci permet donc de simuler certains changements apportés aux politiques fiscales et de transferts en faveur des familles avec enfant(s) à charge et d’évaluer les effets sur la fécondité et la participation au marché du travail ainsi que l’ampleur des déboursés pour les deux paliers de gouvernements.

Suggested Citation

  • Lefebvre, Pierre & Brouillette, Liliane & Felteau, Claude, 1994. "Comportements de fécondité des Québécoises, allocations familiales et impôts : résultats et simulations d’un modèle de choix discrets portant sur les années 1975-1987," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 70(4), pages 399-451, décembre.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:actuec:v:70:y:1994:i:4:p:399-451
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    1. McFadden, Daniel L., 1984. "Econometric analysis of qualitative response models," Handbook of Econometrics, in: Z. Griliches† & M. D. Intriligator (ed.), Handbook of Econometrics, edition 1, volume 2, chapter 24, pages 1395-1457, Elsevier.
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    Cited by:

    1. Edith Duclos & Pierre Lefebvre & Philip Merrigan, 2001. "A 'Natural Experiment' on the Economics of Storks: Evidence on the Impact of Differential Family Policy on Fertility Rates in Canada," Cahiers de recherche CREFE / CREFE Working Papers 136, CREFE, Université du Québec à Montréal.
    2. Daniela Del Boca & Silvia Pasqua, 2005. "Social Policies and Employment of Married Women in Europe," CHILD Working Papers wp19_05, CHILD - Centre for Household, Income, Labour and Demographic economics - ITALY.

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