IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/rfa/aefjnl/v4y2017i5p31-44.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Relationship between Military Expenditure and Certain Growth and Development Related Variables in Transition Economies: A Panel Data Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Sotirios K. Bellos

Abstract

The paper examines the relation between military expenditure and three growth and development related variables (GDP growth, GDP per capita and Industry Value Added) in 31 transition economies during the 1989-2014 period. The empirical results reflect a positive association between military expenditure and the examined growth and development variables. The causality analysis shows though that the causality direction runs from the examined growth and development related variables towards military expenditure in all cases. This in turn reveals a common tendency in the studied economies, which is related to the tensions and developments in the wider studied area.

Suggested Citation

  • Sotirios K. Bellos, 2017. "The Relationship between Military Expenditure and Certain Growth and Development Related Variables in Transition Economies: A Panel Data Analysis," Applied Economics and Finance, Redfame publishing, vol. 4(5), pages 31-44, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:rfa:aefjnl:v:4:y:2017:i:5:p:31-44
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://redfame.com/journal/index.php/aef/article/view/2517/2728
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: http://redfame.com/journal/index.php/aef/article/view/2517
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. McDonald Bruce D & Eger Robert J, 2010. "The Defense-Growth Relationship: An Economic Investigation into Post-Soviet States," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 16(1), pages 1-28, September.
    2. Abdul M.M. Masih & Rumi Masih & Mohammad S. Hasan, 1997. "New evidence from an alternative methodological approach to the defence spending-economic growth causality issue in the case of mainland China," Journal of Economic Studies, Emerald Group Publishing, vol. 24(3), pages 123-140, September.
    3. Ball, Nicole, 1983. "Defense and Development: A Critique of the Benoit Study," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 31(3), pages 507-524, April.
    4. Robert M. Solow, 1956. "A Contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 70(1), pages 65-94.
    5. Anna Shostya, 2014. "The Effect of the Global Financial Crisis on Transition Economies," Atlantic Economic Journal, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 42(3), pages 317-332, September.
    6. Suzanna-Maria Paleologou, 2013. "A Dynamic Panel Data Model For Analyzing The Relationship Between Military Expenditure And Government Debt In The Eu," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(5), pages 419-428, October.
    7. Abdullahi D. Ahmed, 2012. "Debt Burden, Military Spending And Growth In Sub-Saharan Africa: A Dynamic Panel Data Analysis," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(5), pages 485-506, October.
    8. Joerding, Wayne, 1986. "Economic growth and defense spending : Granger Causality," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 21(1), pages 35-40, April.
    9. Joshua Aizenman & Reuven Glick, 2006. "Military expenditure, threats, and growth," The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 15(2), pages 129-155.
    10. Benoit, Emile, 1978. "Growth and Defense in Developing Countries," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 26(2), pages 271-280, January.
    11. Murray Wolfson, 1985. "Notes on Economic Warfare," Conflict Management and Peace Science, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 8(2), pages 1-19, February.
    12. Kollias, Christos & Manolas, George & Paleologou, Suzanna-Maria, 2004. "Defence expenditure and economic growth in the European Union: A causality analysis," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 26(5), pages 553-569, July.
    13. Saadet Deger & Ron Smith, 1983. "Military Expenditure and Growth in Less Developed Countries," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 27(2), pages 335-353, June.
    14. Giorgio d’Agostino & John Paul Dunne & Luca Pieroni, 2012. "Corruption, Military Spending And Growth," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(6), pages 591-604, December.
    15. Jon D. Haveman & Alan V. Deardorff & Robert M. Stern, 1992. "Some Economic Effects of Unilateral and Multilateral Reductions in Military Expenditures in the Major Industrialized and Developing Countries," Conflict Management and Peace Science, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 12(1), pages 47-78, February.
    16. Ohanian, Lee E, 1997. "The Macroeconomic Effects of War Finance in the United States: World War II and the Korean War," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 87(1), pages 23-40, March.
    17. Ryszard Rapacki & Mariusz Próchniak, 2009. "The EU enlargement and economic growth in the CEE new member countries," European Economy - Economic Papers 2008 - 2015 367, Directorate General Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN), European Commission.
    18. F. Menla Ali & O. Dimitraki, 2014. "Military spending and economic growth in China: a regime-switching analysis," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(28), pages 3408-3420, October.
    19. Ã…dne Cappelen & Nils Petter Gleditsch & Olav Bjerkholt, 1984. "Military Spending and Economic Growth in the OECD Countries," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 21(4), pages 361-373, December.
    20. Randa Alami, 2002. "Military Debt: Perspectives from the Experience of Arab Countries," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(1), pages 13-30.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Paula Gómez-Trueba Santamaría & Alfredo Arahuetes García & Tomás Curto González, 2021. "A tale of five stories: Defence spending and economic growth in NATO´s countries," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(1), pages 1-22, January.
    2. Alessandra Cepparulo & Paolo Pasimeni, 2024. "Defence Spending in the European Union," European Economy - Discussion Papers 199, Directorate General Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN), European Commission.
    3. Alptekin, Aynur & Levine, Paul, 2012. "Military expenditure and economic growth: A meta-analysis," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 28(4), pages 636-650.
    4. Sefa Awaworyi Churchill & Siew Ling Yew, 2018. "The effect of military expenditure on growth: an empirical synthesis," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 55(3), pages 1357-1387, November.
    5. Chiwei Su & Yingying Xu & Hsu Ling Chang & Oana-Ramona Lobont & Zhixin Liu, 2020. "Dynamic Causalities between Defense Expenditure and Economic Growth in China: Evidence from Rolling Granger Causality Test," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(5), pages 565-582, July.
    6. Tsangyao Chang & Chien-Chiang Lee & Hsiao-Ping Chu, 2015. "Revisiting the Defense-Growth nexus in European countries," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(3), pages 341-356, June.
    7. Albert J.F. Yang & William N. Trumbull & Chin Wei Yang & Bwo‐Nung Huang, 2011. "On The Relationship Between Military Expenditure, Threat, And Economic Growth: A Nonlinear Approach," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(4), pages 449-457, April.
    8. Mehmet Akif Destek & Ilyas Okumus, 2016. "Military Expenditure and Economic Growth in Brics and Mist Countries: Evidence from Bootstrap Panel Granger Causality Analysis," South-Eastern Europe Journal of Economics, Association of Economic Universities of South and Eastern Europe and the Black Sea Region, vol. 14(2), pages 175-186.
    9. Eduardo Morales-Ramos, 2002. "Defence R&D expenditure: The crowding-out hypothesis," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(5), pages 365-383.
    10. McDonald Bruce D & Eger Robert J, 2010. "The Defense-Growth Relationship: An Economic Investigation into Post-Soviet States," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 16(1), pages 1-28, September.
    11. Shahbaz, Muhammad & Leitão, Nuno Carlos & Uddin, Gazi Salah & Arouri, Mohamed & Teulon, Frédéric, 2013. "Should Portuguese economy invest in defense spending? A revisit," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 805-815.
    12. Abdur R. Chowdhury, 1991. "A Causal Analysis of Defense Spending and Economic Growth," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 35(1), pages 80-97, March.
    13. Wasiu O. Abimbola, 2021. "Military Expenditure, Oil Revenue and Economic Growth in Nigeria: A Joint-Interactive Term Approach," RAIS Conference Proceedings 2021 0128, Research Association for Interdisciplinary Studies.
    14. Mie Augier & Robert McNab & Jerry Guo & Phillip Karber, 2017. "Defense spending and economic growth: evidence from China, 1952–2012," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(1), pages 65-90, January.
    15. Hou Na & Chen Bo, 2014. "Military Spending and Economic Growth in An Augmented Solow Model: A Panel Data Investigation for OECD Countries," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 20(3), pages 395-409, August.
    16. Nusrate Aziz & M. Niaz Asadullah, 2017. "Military spending, armed conflict and economic growth in developing countries in the post-Cold War era," Journal of Economic Studies, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 44(1), pages 47-68, January.
    17. Michael A. Akume & Gylych Jelilov & Benedict Akanegbu, 2019. "The Impact of Military Spending on Economic Wellbeing in Nigeria," International Journal of Business, Economics and Management, Conscientia Beam, vol. 6(4), pages 186-200.
    18. Serif Canbay & Mustafa Kırca & Erkan Oflaz, 2021. "Relationships Between Defence Expenditures and Economic Growth in G7 Countries Panel Bootstrap Causality Analysis," Bingol University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Bingol University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, vol. 5(1), pages 119-140, August.
    19. Chang, Hsin-Chen & Huang, Bwo-Nung & Yang, Chin Wei, 2011. "Military expenditure and economic growth across different groups: A dynamic panel Granger-causality approach," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 28(6), pages 2416-2423.
    20. Albert Wijeweera & Matthew J. Webb, 2012. "Using the Feder-Ram and Military Keynesian Models to Examine the Link Between Defence Spending and Economic Growth in Sri Lanka," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(3), pages 303-311, May.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    transition economies; transition; military expenditure; economic growth; GDP per capita; industry value added;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R00 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General - - - General
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:rfa:aefjnl:v:4:y:2017:i:5:p:31-44. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Redfame publishing (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/cepflch.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.