IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/rbs/ijfbss/v2y2013i4p01-12.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Foreign Exchange Reserves: Bangladesh Perspective

Author

Listed:
  • Md. Zahangir Alam

    (Assistant Professor of Finance, Department of Business Administration, International Islamic University Chittagong-Dhaka Campus)

  • Muhammad Abdur Rahim

    (Senior Executive officer, Main Branch, Mercantile Bank Limited, Dhaka-1200, Bangladesh)

Abstract

This study is about foreign exchange reserves of Bangladesh. The main purpose of this study is to the influence of exchange rates on foreign exchange reserves to the Bangladeshcontext. Both the primary and secondary data has been used in this study. The primary data has been collected through a structured questionnaire from 50 respondents. The secondary data, namely Bangladeshforeign exchange reserves (FER), Bangladeshcurrent account balance (CAB), Bangladeshcapital and financial account balance (CFAB), and BDT/USDexchange rates (ER). This study covers yearly data from July 01, 1996 to June 30, 2005 and quarterly data from July 01, 2005 to June 30, 2012. Findings of this study shows that out of the selected 16 factors affecting foreign exchange reserves, exchange rates occupy the first position, weighted average score (WAS) being 4.56. Foreign exchange reserves (FER) and current account balance (CAB) have increased by 502.9087% and 1451.218%, whereas capital and financial account (CFAB) has decreased by -649.024% on June 30, 2012 compared to June 30, 1997. The influence of other factors held constant, as ER changes by 285.6894 units due to oneunit change in FER, on average in the same direction which represents that ER has positive effect onthe FER and this relationship is statistically significant. 62.1526 percent of the variation in FER is explained by ER. The outcomes of Breusch-Godfrey test (LM test), ARCH test, and the Normality test are that there is a serial correlationamong residuals, the variance of residuals is not constant, and the residuals are not normally distributed.

Suggested Citation

  • Md. Zahangir Alam & Muhammad Abdur Rahim, 2013. "Foreign Exchange Reserves: Bangladesh Perspective," International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies, Center for the Strategic Studies in Business and Finance, vol. 2(4), pages 01-12, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:rbs:ijfbss:v:2:y:2013:i:4:p:01-12
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.ssbfnet.com/ojs/index.php/ijfbs/article/view/412/365
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.ssbfnet.com/ojs/index.php/ijfbs/article/view/412
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Christopher J. Neely, 2000. "Are changes in foreign exchange reserves well correlated with official intervention?," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 82(Sep), pages 17-32.
    2. Kathryn Dominguez & Rasmus Fatum & Pavel Vacek, 2010. "Does foreign exchange reserve decumulation lead to currency appreciation?," Globalization Institute Working Papers 48, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas.
    3. Stefano Ugolini, 2011. "Foreign exchange reserve management in the 19th century: The National Bank of Belgium in the 1850s," Working Paper 2011/07, Norges Bank.
    4. Alice Ouyang & Ramkishen Rajan, 2011. "Reserve accumulation and monetary sterilization in Singapore and Taiwan," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 43(16), pages 2015-2031.
    5. Christian Vallence, 2012. "Foreign Exchange Reserves and the Reserve Bank’s Balance Sheet," RBA Bulletin (Print copy discontinued), Reserve Bank of Australia, pages 57-64, December.
    6. Shihong Zeng, 2012. "Study on Chinese foreign exchange reserves," Journal of Applied Finance & Banking, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 2(1), pages 1-2.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Osadume Richard C. & Ovuokeroye Edih University, 2021. "External Debt, External Reserves, Debt Service Costs and Economic Growth: Implications for the Nigerian Transport Sector," LOGI – Scientific Journal on Transport and Logistics, Sciendo, vol. 12(1), pages 182-191, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Dominguez, Kathryn M.E., 2012. "Foreign reserve management during the global financial crisis," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(8), pages 2017-2037.
    2. Idil Uz Akdogan, 2020. "Understanding the dynamics of foreign reserve management: The central bank intervention policy and the exchange rate fundamentals," International Economics, CEPII research center, issue 161, pages 41-55.
    3. Marcel Fratzscher & Tobias Heidland & Lukas Menkhoff & Lucio Sarno & Maik Schmeling, 2023. "Foreign Exchange Intervention: A New Database," IMF Economic Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Monetary Fund, vol. 71(4), pages 852-884, December.
    4. Gunther Schnabl, 2004. "De jure versus de facto Exchange Rate Stabilization in Central and Eastern Europe," Aussenwirtschaft, University of St. Gallen, School of Economics and Political Science, Swiss Institute for International Economics and Applied Economics Research, vol. 59(02), pages 171-190, June.
    5. Linda S. Goldberg & Signe Krogstrup, 2018. "International Capital Flow Pressures," NBER Working Papers 24286, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Ramis Khabibullin & Alexey Ponomarenko & Sergei Seleznev, 2018. "Forecasting the implications of foreign exchange reserve accumulation with an agent-based model," Bank of Russia Working Paper Series wps37, Bank of Russia.
    7. Piotr Misztal, 2021. "The Size and the Main Determinants of China’s Official Currency Reserves in the Period 1990-2019," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(1), pages 568-582.
    8. Roman Horváth, 2005. "Exchange Rate Variability, Pressures and Optimum Currency Area Criteria: Implications for the Central and Eastern European Countries," Working Papers IES 78, Charles University Prague, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Economic Studies, revised 2005.
    9. Devereux, Michael B. & Yetman, James, 2014. "Globalisation, pass-through and the optimal policy response to exchange rates," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 49(PA), pages 104-128.
    10. Ponomarenko, Alexey, 2019. "Do sterilized foreign exchange interventions create money?," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 1-16.
    11. Adam Hawkins & Jyoti Rahman & Thomas Williamson, 2014. "Is the global financial safety net at a tipping point to fragmentation?," Economic Roundup, The Treasury, Australian Government, issue 1, pages 1-20, April.
    12. Sideris, Dimitrios A., 2008. "Foreign exchange intervention and equilibrium real exchange rates," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 18(4), pages 344-357, October.
    13. Aizenman, Joshua & Cheung, Yin-Wong & Qian, XingWang, 2020. "The currency composition of international reserves, demand for international reserves, and global safe assets," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    14. Ito, Takatoshi & Yabu, Tomoyoshi, 2020. "Japanese Foreign Exchange Interventions, 1971-2018: Estimating a Reaction Function Using the Best Proxy," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    15. Michael Bleaney & Sharmila Devadas, 2017. "Foreign Exchange Inflows in Emerging Markets: How Much are they Sterilised?," Manchester School, University of Manchester, vol. 85(3), pages 261-281, June.
    16. Nuttathum Chutasripanich & James Yetman, 2015. "Foreign exchange intervention: strategies and effectiveness," BIS Working Papers 499, Bank for International Settlements.
    17. Kalyvitis, Sarantis & Skotida, Ifigeneia, 2010. "Some empirical evidence on the effects of U.S. monetary policy shocks on cross exchange rates," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 50(3), pages 386-394, August.
    18. Lubomír Lízal & Jirí Schwarz, 2013. "Foreign exchange interventions as an (un)conventional monetary policy tool," BIS Papers chapters, in: Bank for International Settlements (ed.), Sovereign risk: a world without risk-free assets?, volume 73, pages 127-143, Bank for International Settlements.
    19. Luna Santos, Francisco, 2021. "Comparing the impact of discretionary and pre-announced central bank interventions," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 110(C).
    20. Demarmels, Ricarda & Fischer, Andreas M., 2003. "Understanding reserve volatility in emerging markets: a look at the long-run," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 4(2), pages 145-164, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:rbs:ijfbss:v:2:y:2013:i:4:p:01-12. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Hasan Dincer (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/ssbffea.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.