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Le pouvoir des banques sur le marché du crédit : essai de comparaison internationale

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  • Thierry Chauveau
  • Dhafer Saidane

Abstract

[fre] La structure du marché bancaire a souvent fait l'objet d'analyses fondées sur le modèle SCP (Structure-Comportement-Performance). Des critiques à l'égard de cette approche ont été formulées par les partisans de la « Nouvelle économie industrielle ». Elles suggèrent d'endogénéiser la structure du marché et de mesurer le pouvoir de marché. Nous développons ici une approche théorique et empirique de la mesure du pouvoir des banques sur le marché du crédit. Le modèle est appliqué à divers marchés de crédits dans trois pays de l'OCDE. Les États-Unis apparaissent proches de l'archétype de la concurrence parfaite alors que les banques françaises ont un pouvoir assez important sur les marchés de crédit aux particuliers mais nul sur les marchés de crédits aux entreprises. Les résultats obtenus pour l'Allemagne sont proches de ceux obtenus pour la France. [eng] In the sixties, the SCP (Structure-Conduct-Performance) paradigm used to be reffered to, by economists analyzing the banking market structure. Such a point of view was challenged by the New Industrial Economic School. It was emphasized that market structure should be determined endogeneously and that market power should be measured. This paper develops a theoretical and an empirical approach on market power applied to credit markets. Our model is applied to three OECD countries. In the United States credit markets appear to be close to perfect competition. In France and in Germany banks have a high market power, as far as credits to households are concerned.

Suggested Citation

  • Thierry Chauveau & Dhafer Saidane, 1991. "Le pouvoir des banques sur le marché du crédit : essai de comparaison internationale," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 35(1), pages 135-166.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:rvofce:ofce_0751-6614_1991_num_35_1_1237
    DOI: 10.3406/ofce.1991.1237
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ofce.1991.1237
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mireille Jaeger, 1996. "Les effets de la réglementation sur la valorisation des banques et leur incitation à la prise de risque," Revue Française d'Économie, Programme National Persée, vol. 11(4), pages 37-82.
    2. Marianne Bliman & Catherine Bruno & Jacques Le Cacheux, 1993. "L'espace bancaire et financier européen," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 43(1), pages 183-241.

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