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Fluctuations et croissance en Europe : une analyse empirique

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  • Lucrezia Reichlin

Abstract

[eng] The purpose of this article is to establish the statistical characteristics of main macroeconomic indicators of the four major European countries : Germany, France, Italy and the UK. The data considered are quarterly and the period is 1960-1988. . The analysis concentrates on the nature of the trend component of these series and distinguishes between trends in mean and in variance. Additionally, it examines whether the same indicators have evolved along a common path (cointegration) in the different countries examined. The conclusions are the following. All series are characterized by trends in variance and most of them have a trend in mean as well. Generally, there is no long-run common path for different series across different countries. Exceptions are industrial production and real GDP. Further investigation of characteristics of data of the industrial sector indicate the presence of large unfrequent shocks at dates which are not synchronized across countries. The results indicate that the adjustment process to shocks as well as the pattern of growth has varied across countries, which implies that coordination policies should be considered with caution. [fre] L'objet de cet article est de déterminer les caractéristiques statistiques des principaux indicateurs macroéconomiques des quatre grands pays européens : Allemagne, France, Italie et Royaume-Uni. L'analyse est centrée sur l'étude de la nature des composantes tendancielles de ces séries et distingue le trend de la moyenne de celui de la variance. De plus, on s'efforce de déterminer si les indicateurs ont évolué le long du même sentier de croissance (co-intégration) dans les différents pays étudiés. . Les conclusions sont les suivantes. Les séries sont toutes caractérisées par un trend de la variance et la plupart par un trend de la moyenne. Dans chaque pays les différentes séries ne suivent en général pas un sentier commun à long terme, exception faite de la production industrielle et du PNB réel. Une analyse plus poussée des caractéristiques des données de l'industrie, révèle l'existence de chocs importants et peu fréquents, à des dates différentes d'un pays à l'autre. . Les résultats montrent que le processus d'ajustement aux chocs, de même que le profil de la croissance, ont différé d'un pays à l'autre, ce qui incite à la prudence dans la coordination des politiques économiques.

Suggested Citation

  • Lucrezia Reichlin, 1989. "Fluctuations et croissance en Europe : une analyse empirique," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 26(1), pages 71-93.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rvofce:ofce_0751-6614_1989_num_26_1_1163
    DOI: 10.3406/ofce.1989.1163
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ofce.1989.1163
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    1. Nelson, Charles R & Kang, Heejoon, 1981. "Spurious Periodicity in Inappropriately Detrended Time Series," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 49(3), pages 741-751, May.
    2. Olivier J. Blanchard & Lawrence H. Summers, 1986. "Hysteresis and the European Unemployment Problem," NBER Chapters, in: NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1986, Volume 1, pages 15-90, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Engle, Robert & Granger, Clive, 2015. "Co-integration and error correction: Representation, estimation, and testing," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 39(3), pages 106-135.
    4. Jeffrey Sachs, 1986. "High Unemployment in Europe: Diagnosis and Policy Implications," NBER Working Papers 1830, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    5. Blanchard, Olivier J. & Summers, Lawrence H., 1987. "Hysteresis in unemployment," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(1-2), pages 288-295.
    6. Engle, Robert F, 1982. "Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity with Estimates of the Variance of United Kingdom Inflation," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 50(4), pages 987-1007, July.
    7. Dickey, David A & Fuller, Wayne A, 1981. "Likelihood Ratio Statistics for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 49(4), pages 1057-1072, June.
    8. Kydland, Finn E & Prescott, Edward C, 1982. "Time to Build and Aggregate Fluctuations," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 50(6), pages 1345-1370, November.
    9. Romer, Christina D, 1986. "Is the Stabilization of the Postwar Economy a Figment of the Data?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 76(3), pages 314-334, June.
    10. Escribano, A. & , ., 1987. "Co-integration, time co-trends and error-correction systems: an alternative approach," LIDAM Discussion Papers CORE 1987015, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
    11. Michael Bruno & Jeffrey D. Sachs, 1985. "Economics of Worldwide Stagflation," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number brun85-1.
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    1. repec:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/5953 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Jean-Paul Fitoussi & Jacques Le Cacheux, 1989. "Une théorie des années quatre-vingt," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 29(1), pages 117-160.
    3. Lucrezia Reichlin & Catherine Guillemineau, 1989. "Chômage et croissance en France et aux États-Unis. Une analyse de longue période," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 29(1), pages 161-184.
    4. Rahim Loufir & Lucrezia Reichlin, 1993. "Convergences nominale et réelle parmi les pays de la CE et de l'AELE," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 43(1), pages 69-92.
    5. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/5953 is not listed on IDEAS
    6. Paul-Emmanuel Micolet, 1998. "Positionnement conjoncturel du Royaume-Uni et UEM," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 66(1), pages 127-169.

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