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Crise du développement et impasse des négociations commerciales multilatérales

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  • François Benaroya
  • Jean-Pierre Cling

Abstract

[fre] L'incapacité des pays membres de l'Organisation mondiale du commerce à lancer un nouveau cycle de négociations multilatérales, trouve en partie sa source dans la résurgence du conflit Nord-Sud dans le domaine commercial. Les pays en développement se plaignent à la fois du manque de prise en compte de leurs intérêts dans le cadre multilatéral, et du caractère de plus en plus contraignant à leur égard du fonctionnement de l'ОМС, dont les pays industrialisés souhaitent élargir le champ à de nouveaux sujets. Ce conflit se nourrit également de la remise en cause du consensus de Washington. Malgré cette remise en cause, le rôle de l'ouverture commerciale comme facteur potentiel de croissance économique demeure largement accepté. Les enjeux en matière de commerce et de développement des nouvelles régulations internationales sont principalement de trois ordres : rendre le fonctionnement de l'ОМС plus favorable aux intérêts des pays en développement ; améliorer la cohérence de son action avec celle des autres organisations internationales ; enfin, tirer les conséquences de l'hétérogénéité croissante des pays en développement. [eng] The members of the World Trade Organization are currently unable to launch a new round of multilateral trade negotiations. This arises partly from the resurgence of the North-South conflict on trade issues. Developing countries complain about the WTO neglecting their interests and being increasingly demanding on them ; they also oppose negotiating on new subjects. The end of the « Washington consensus » is another cause of conflict. Nonetheless, the role of trade liberalization as potential engine of growth is still widely accepted. Defining new international regulations to promote trade and development raises three main challenges : to make WTO more development-friendly ; to improve its coherence with other international organizations ; lastly, to take into account the increasing heterogeneity of developing countries.

Suggested Citation

  • François Benaroya & Jean-Pierre Cling, 2001. "Crise du développement et impasse des négociations commerciales multilatérales," Revue Française d'Économie, Programme National Persée, vol. 16(2), pages 73-117.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:rfreco:rfeco_0769-0479_2001_num_16_2_1509
    DOI: 10.3406/rfeco.2001.1509
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rfeco.2001.1509
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    Cited by:

    1. Fatiha Talahite & Philippe Barbet & Saïd Souam, 2008. "Enjeux et impacts du processus d'adhésion de l'Algérie à l'OMC," Working Papers halshs-00607420, HAL.
    2. Guillaume Daudin, 2003. "Tous unis contre le protectionnisme des pays du Nord ?," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 84(1), pages 95-130.
    3. Mehdi Abbas, 2013. "L'OMC et l'acte III de la globalisation," Post-Print halshs-00840800, HAL.

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