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Concurrence bancaire, jeux séquentiels et information complète

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  • Franck Martin

Abstract

[fre] Concurrence bancaire, jeux séquentiels et information complète. . Cet article présente, sous la forme d'un jeu séquentiel, un modèle global de concurrence bancaire visant à compléter et à généraliser des résultats précédemment proposés par Rochet [1992].. Les approfondissements principaux concernent la description du fonctionnement du marché du crédit, que nous replaçons, par une justification d'une viscosité de la demande, dans un cadre simple de concurrence monopolistique (modèle « sans adresse » de différenciation horizontale). L'examen des équilibres résultant de stratégies en taux et en volume de crédit permet d'analyser, dans un contexte très spécifique, la dualité Coumot-Bertrand. L'hypothèse d'information complète joue à ce niveau un rôle essentiel car la formation des dépôts, appréhendée selon un mécanisme de multiplicateur du crédit, crée une externalité positive dans le modèle qui fait que chaque banque a intérêt à ce que la création monétaire opérée parses concurrents soit maximale. Elles ne peuvent cependant tenter d'y contribuer que dans le cadre d'une concurrence à la Bertrand en exer­çant des pressions à la hausse sur leur propre taux, ce qui finalement réduit l'efficacité de cette forme de concurrence.. Enfin, la dérivation explicite de l'équilibre de long terme, qui est formalisé comme un équilibre de Nash pour l'implantation d'agences commerciales illustre le caractère coûteux et inefficace de la concurrence que se livrent les banques pour accéder à la ressource bon marché que sont les dépôts à vue. [eng] Banking competition, sequential games and complete information. . This article presents a global model of banking competition which tries to complete and generalize the results proposed by Rochet [1992].. Here we adopt a framework of monopolistic competition for the credit market. The derivation of equilibrium based on interest rate and credit strategies allows to analyse the Cournot-Bertrand duality in a very specific context. The complete information hypothesis plays a important role because the formation of deposits with a credit multiplier mechanism introduces a positive externality in the model where each bank has an incen- live to rise his own interest rate leeding to higher money creation by competitors. This mecanism reduces efficiency allowed by this form of competition.. The explicit derivation of long run equilibrium, modelled as a Nash equilibrium for the development of branch network shows the costly and inefficiency dimension of competition faced by banks in order to access to the cheepest resource which are deposits.

Suggested Citation

  • Franck Martin, 1995. "Concurrence bancaire, jeux séquentiels et information complète," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 46(2), pages 301-324.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1995_num_46_2_409645
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1995.409645
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1995.409645
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Patrick Artus & Claude Jessua, 1996. "Le comportement des banques face à des fortes modifications des flux d'épargne et de financement," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 47(3), pages 719-729.

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