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« Mercantilisme technologique » et politique commerciale stratégique : réflexions sur la localisation de l'industrie mondiale des semiconducteurs

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  • Philippe Barbet
  • Laurent Benzoni

Abstract

[eng] "Technological mercantilism" and strategic trade policy reflexions about the localisation of the semiconductor industry. . The aim of mis paper is to analyse the mechanism of localisation of the semiconductor industry. The theoritical grounds are the eclectic and synthetic analysis of multinational firms. The flrst part focuses on the technical organisation of this jndustry. We show that access to public funds and the existence of organisational learning effects explain the low level of internationalisation of this industry. Afterwords, the paper goes on to show how governemental poticies, by protecting national firrns with technological program : us closed to foreign firms, play a major role in the localisation of activities. This "technological mercantilism" creates and maintains strategie alliances between firms but the consequences of these alliances on competition remains difficult to evaluate. [fre] « Mercantilisme technologique » et politique commerciale stratégique. Réflexions sur la localisation de l'industrie mondiale des semi-conducteurs. . L'objet de cet article est d'analyser les mécanismes de localisation de l'industrie des semi-conducteurs à la lumière des analyses éclectiques et synthétiques de la multinationalisation. Nous montrons que le découpage des activités de pro­duction ne conduit pas à un modèle d'organisation unique exploitant parfaitement les avantages comparatifs des différentes zones géographiques. Il semble que les stratégies d'accès aux subventions publiques et les phénomènes d'apprentissage organisationnels aient conduit à une relative inertie des firmes en matière de loca­lisation. Nous montrons qu'un certain nombre d'actions gouvernementales, ciblées principalement sur la protection des phases amont du processus de production (recherche fondamentale) ont effectivement joué un rôle important dans les stratégies de localisation/délocalisation. Ce « mercantilisme technologique » favorise des alliances dont la pérennité et les conséquences sont encore difficiles à évaluer.

Suggested Citation

  • Philippe Barbet & Laurent Benzoni, 1993. "« Mercantilisme technologique » et politique commerciale stratégique : réflexions sur la localisation de l'industrie mondiale des semiconducteurs," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 44(4), pages 755-778.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1993_num_44_4_409477
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1993.409477
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1993.409477
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