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Discrimination des prix, différenciation des produits et échange international

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  • Jean-Marc Siroën

Abstract

[fre] Discrimination des prix, différenciation des produits et échange international. . L'article se propose de combler quatre lacunes de la théorie traditionnelle de la différenciation internationale clés produits : l'entreprise ne produit qu'une seule variété, les déterminants de la spécialisation intra-produit ne sont spécifiés ni entre firmes ni entre nations, les phénomènes de discrimination sont ignorés. Pour cela, l'auteur présente une nouvelle approche en redéfinissant les coûts de production et les coûts de différenciation et en envisageant la différenciation des produits comme une forme particulière de discrimination des marchés elle-même influencée par la discrimination tarifaire. On établit les résultats suivants : des variétés peuvent être produites spécifiquement pour le marché étranger, les échanges intra-branche ne sont pas favorisés par des coûts de différenciation décroissants avec les quantités et ils n'exigent pas des demandes nationales proches ; la discri­mination des prix favorise la prolifération des variétés et les échanges intra-branche. Enfin, la spécialisation intra-branche pourrait dépendre des avantages comparés des nations dans l'incorporation des caractéristiques. [eng] Price discrimination, product differentiation and international trade. . The aim of this article is to fill up four gaps encountered in the international product differentiation standard theory : production of only one variety per firm for a given good, determination of the intra-industry specialization let unknown as for the firms a.s for the nations and discrimination between the markets let ignored.. The author presents another framework. Thus he makes a distinction between the production cost and the differentiation cost and he sees the product differentiation as a special type of market discrimination moreover related with the price discrimination policy. The following results are put forward : a variety may be produced specially for foreign markets, the " two-way " international trade is not fostered by decreasing differentiation costs and does not imply similar demand curves between the countries. On the contrary, the price discrimination fosters the proliferation of varieties and the " two-way " international trade. Then, the structure of the intra-industry trade may be determined by national comparative advantages in the differentiation costs.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Marc Siroën, 1986. "Discrimination des prix, différenciation des produits et échange international," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 37(3), pages 489-520.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1986_num_37_3_408924
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1986.408924
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1986.408924
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    4. Stewart, Marion B., 1979. "Monopoly and the choice of product characteristics," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 2(1), pages 79-84.
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