Energie, croissance et calcul économique

[eng] Energy, growth and economic analysis. This article intends to show that energy-economie growth relationship is insufficiently explored, particularly at the structural level. A number of methodological tools are available, or have to be worked out, to estimate the substitutions which may be operated among the main energy sources, on the one hand, between the « energy » factor and the other factors of production, on the other hand, and thus enable to bring out the elements explaining these structural shifts. Such an approach then shows that the degrees of freedom enjoyed by the major decision-makers at the level of technological choices are relatively high, which means, in other words, that the energy contents of GNP are a controllable variable. A lot of concepts needed to enlighten dedsion-mdking with regard to the selection, of energy sources (user-cost, risk-bearing cost, etc.] must, besides, be explicitly introduced inasmuch as traditional methods of economic analysis do not allow to take into account a good many qualitative aspects. [fre] sont relativement élevés, ce qui signifie en d'autres termes que le contenu énergétique du PNB est une variable maîtrisable. De nombreux concepts destinés à éclairer la prise de décision en matière de sélection des sources d'énergie (le coût d'usage, le coût des risques, etc.) doivent en outre être explicitement intro­duits dans la mesure où les méthodes traditionnelles de calcul économique ne permettent pas de prendre en considération nombre d'aspects qualitatifs.