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Eléments pour une critique des théories de la croissance (II)

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  • Philippe Herzog

Abstract

[fre] Les modèles de croissance sont parfois présentés comme des représentations abstraites permettant ou proposant une pratique s'appliquant à l'ensemble de la base économique du système capitaliste. Il est vrai que des modèles macro-économiques post-keynésiens ou néo-classiques sont utilisés dans l'appareil de prévision-planification. Mais il est très difficile d'établir dans quelle mesure l'intervention économique de l'Etat dépend de ces travaux, et dans quelle mesure ces travaux ne sont qu'une représentation idéo­logique de cette intervention. Sans aborder ici cette question majeure, on veut montrer que si les praticiens butent invariablement sur les mêmes difficultés, qu'ils laissent sans solution, c'est en raison de leur méthode. Ils pensent leur pratique (implicitement ou non) en termes scientistes (dans les variantes velléitaires ou déterministes) et sont incapables d'éprouver la valeur de leurs schémas par une analyse de leur pratique sociale.. Les modèles de croissance n'ont pas de valeur comme représentations systéma­tiques de l'économie capitaliste, et ne fondent de pratique sociale -qu'essentiel­lement idéologique. Mais leur critique est très délicate : en effet, ils ne se pré­sentent pas spontanément comme produits idéologiques, mais prennent le masque d'instruments techniques effectifs d'une pratique économique. [eng] The growth models are sometimes presented as being abstract representations permitting or preposing a practice which can be applied to the whole of the capitalist System economie basis. It is true that some macroeconomic postkeynesian or neoclassic models are used in the Forecast-Planning apparatus. But it is very difficult to establish . in what proportion the State economie intervention depends on these works, and in what proportion these works are only ideologie representation of this inter­vention. Without broaching here this major question, we want to show that if the practicians invariably corne up against the same technical difficultes that they leave without a solution, it is because of their method. They think about their practice (implicitely or not) in scientist terms (in the velleitary and deter-ministic variants) and are incapable of appreciating the value of their schemes by an analysis of their social practice.. The growth models haven't any value as systematic representations of the capitalist economy, and found only essentially idealogic social practice. But it is very ticklish to criticize them : in effect they don't present themselves spon-taneously as being idealogical products, but they mask themselves as being effective technical instruments of an economie practice.

Suggested Citation

  • Philippe Herzog, 1970. "Eléments pour une critique des théories de la croissance (II)," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 21(3), pages 388-424.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1970_num_21_3_407923
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1970.407923
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1970.407923
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Paul A. Samuelson, 1962. "Parable and Realism in Capital Theory: The Surrogate Production Function," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 29(3), pages 193-206.
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