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À la recherche des déterminants de l'investissement des entreprises

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  • Anne Epaulard

Abstract

[fre] Les investissements des entreprises et la date de leur réalisation sont des éléments importants de la dynamique de court et de long terme des éco-nomies. La volatilité dans le temps des dépenses d'investissement est, en effet, la principale composante des cycles économiques de court terme de l'économie. Toutes les théories de la croissance, comme les travaux empiriques,placent par ailleurs les dépenses d'investissement au coeur du phénomène de croissance économique. Le comportement d'investissement des entreprises a donc naturellement fait l'objet d'un grand nombre de travaux théoriques et empiriques. Leur but est d'identifier les déterminants de l'investissement des entreprises et de mesurer la façon dont la politique économique - essentiellement à travers la fiscalité des entreprises et des ménages et le niveau des taux d'intérêt - influence ce comportement. En dépit des recherches consacrées à ce sujet, les résultats empiriques étaient encore assez limités au milieu des années 80 : sur données individuelles comme sur données agrégées, les principaux déterminants de l'investissement étaient la croissance de la production (ou de la valeur ajoutée) et le taux de profit. Ce résultat empirique était connu sous le nom de « modèle accélérateur-profit ». Ces résultats étaient insatisfaisants, non seulement pour aider à la mise en oeuvre éventuelle de politiques économiques susceptibles de soutenir ou de ne pas peser sur l'investissement des entreprises, mais aussi pour leur manque de cohérence avec les modèles théoriques alors disponibles. Les 15 dernières années ont connu d'importantes avancées dans l'approche théorique et empirique de l'investissement. Ce numéro spécial d'Économie et Statistique est l'occasion de dresser un état des lieux de cette recherche et d'en dégager les principaux résultats.

Suggested Citation

  • Anne Epaulard, 2001. "À la recherche des déterminants de l'investissement des entreprises," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 341(1), pages 3-14.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_2001_num_341_1_7466
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    1. Ricardo J. Caballero & Eduardo M.R.A. Engel, 1998. "Nonlinear Aggregate Investment Dynamics: Theory and Evidence," NBER Working Papers 6420, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Caballero, Ricardo J., 1999. "Aggregate investment," Handbook of Macroeconomics, in: J. B. Taylor & M. Woodford (ed.), Handbook of Macroeconomics, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 12, pages 813-862, Elsevier.
    3. Chamley, Christophe & Gale, Douglas, 1994. "Information Revelation and Strategic Delay in a Model of Investment," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 62(5), pages 1065-1085, September.
    4. Robert McDonald & Daniel Siegel, 1986. "The Value of Waiting to Invest," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 101(4), pages 707-727.
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    2. Laure Latruffe & . Hampshire, 2004. "Investment and financial constraints of Polish farmers," Post-Print hal-02283463, HAL.

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