IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/prs/ecstat/estat_0336-1454_1989_num_226_1_5388.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

L'économie souterraine dans les comptes nationaux

Author

Listed:
  • Jean-Charles Willard

Abstract

[fre] L'économie souterraine, par définition, se dérobe à l'investigation statistique et à la quantification précise. Les comptables nationaux n'en sont pas moins amenés à estimer ce type d'activité et son évolution, ne serait- ce que par souci de cohérence des agrégats macroéconomiques. Les travaux menés à l'occasion de la mise en place de la base 1 980 des comptes ont conduit à distinguer deux grandes catégories principales d'économie "au noir" : d'une part, la fraude et l'évasion fiscales que l'on peut évaluer à partir des redressements pratiqués par les services fiscaux ; d'autre part, le travail "au noir" pour lequel les méthodes d'estimation sont plus frustes. Globalement, les montants en cause ne sont pas négligeables puisqu'ils représentent environ 4 points de PIB. . Ces chiffrages demeurent à l'évidence fragiles. Compte tenu des conventions retenues, les montants par secteur d'activité doivent être considérés avec précaution. En témoigne également la diversité des estimations auxquelles conduit l'application de méthodes différentes dans les principaux pays industrialisés. [eng] The Underground Economy in the National Accounts - By definition, the underground economy escapes statiscal investigation and accurate quantification. However, national accountants must estimate this type of activity and its evolution, if only to make macroeconomic aggregates consistent. The work performed to establish the 1980 accounts led to a differentiation between two main categories of the black market economy: on the one hand, fraud and tax evasion that can be estimated from the amount of tax arrears demanded by internal revenue services, on the other hand, "moonlighting" which must be estimated by less accurate methods. On the whole, the amounts they represent are not negligible since they constitute about 4 points of the gross national product. . These estimates are obviously flexible as is shown by the diversity of the figures obtained by the various methods applied in the main industrialized nations. As far as France is concerned, the diversity between the estimates of the various sectors of activity must also be regarded with caution, according to the criteria which have been used. [spa] La economia subterránea en las cuentas nacionales - La economía subterránea, por definición, elude la investigación estadística y la cuantificación precisa. No obstante, los contadores de la Nación se ven en la obligación de estimar este tipo de actividad y su evolución, aunque tan solo sea por un deseo de coherencia en lo que concierne a las magnitudes macroeconômicas. Las operaciones llevadas a cabo en ocasión de la compilación de base de las cuentas en 1980 permitieron distinguir dos categorías principales en el seno de la "economía clandestina": por una parte, el fraude y la evasion fiscales que se pueden evaluar a traves de las multas impuestas por la Direción General Impositiva, y por otra parte, el "trabajo clandestino", para el cual los métodos de estimación son menos fiables. Globalmente, los montos que están en juego no son desdenables puesto que representan alrededor de 4 puntos del PIB. . Estas evaluaciones siguen siendo, sin duda alguna, fragiles. Un testimonio de ello esta dado por la diversidad de estimaciones a las que conduce la aplicación de metodos diferentes en los principales países industrializados. Incluso, en el caso de Francia, la diversidad de las estimaciones según el sector de actividad, debe ser considerada con precaution, teniendo en cuenta las convenciones consideradas para tal fin.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Charles Willard, 1989. "L'économie souterraine dans les comptes nationaux," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 226(1), pages 35-51.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1989_num_226_1_5388
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1989.5388
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1989.5388
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.3406/estat.1989.5388
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.persee.fr/doc/estat_0336-1454_1989_num_226_1_5388
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.3406/estat.1989.5388?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bruno S. Frey & Werner W. Pommerehne, 1984. "The Hidden Economy: State And Prospects For Measurement1," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 30(1), pages 1-23, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Nicolas Jacquemet, 2006. "Le travail irrégulier en France," Working Papers halshs-02504628, HAL.
    2. Christian Cordellier, 1998. "Dix ans de revenus des indépendants : effets temporels et individuels," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 319(1), pages 53-87.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Andrea Gebauer & Chang Woon Nam & Rüdiger Parsche, 2006. "VAT Evasion and Its Consequences for Macroeconomic Clearing in the EU," FinanzArchiv: Public Finance Analysis, Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, vol. 61(4), pages 462-487, February.
    2. repec:ces:ifodic:v:14:y:2017:i:4:p:19267788 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Friedrich Schneider & Robert Klinglmair, 2004. "Shadow economies around the world: what do we know?," Economics working papers 2004-03, Department of Economics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria.
    4. Friedrich Schneider, 2012. "The Shadow Economy and Tax Evasion: What Do We (Not) Know?," CESifo Forum, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 13(02), pages 03-12, July.
    5. Axel Dreher & Christos Kotsogiannis & Steve McCorriston, 2009. "How do institutions affect corruption and the shadow economy?," International Tax and Public Finance, Springer;International Institute of Public Finance, vol. 16(6), pages 773-796, December.
    6. Schneider Friedrich & Hametner Bettina, 2014. "The Shadow Economy in Colombia: Size and Effects on Economic Growth," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 20(2), pages 293-325, April.
    7. Schneider Friedrich & Buehn Andreas, 2017. "Shadow Economy: Estimation Methods, Problems, Results and Open questions," Open Economics, De Gruyter, vol. 1(1), pages 1-29, March.
    8. Friedrich Schneider & Andreas Buehn & Claudio E. Montenegro, 2011. "Shadow Economies All Over the World: New Estimates for 162 Countries from 1999 to 2007," Chapters, in: Friedrich Schneider (ed.), Handbook on the Shadow Economy, chapter 1, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    9. David E.A. Giles, 1998. "The Underground Economy: Minimizing the Size of Government," Department Discussion Papers 9801, Department of Economics, University of Victoria.
    10. Friedrich Schneider, 2000. "The Increase of the size of the shadow economy of 18 OECD countries: Some preliminary explanations," Economics working papers 2000-08, Department of Economics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria.
    11. Friedrich Schneider & Friedrich Schneider, 2008. "Shadow Economies and Corruption all over the World: What do we Really Know?," Chapters, in: Michael Pickhardt & Edward Shinnick (ed.), The Shadow Economy, Corruption and Governance, chapter 7, pages 122-187, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    12. Lackó, Mária, 1995. "Rejtett gazdaság nemzetközi összehasonlításban [Hidden economy by international comparison - A method of estimation based on the bouseholds' energy consumption]," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(5), pages 486-510.
    13. Kameliia Petrova, 2016. "Entrepreneurship And The Informal Economy: An Empirical Analysis," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 21(02), pages 1-21, June.
    14. Nezhyvenko, O., 2019. "Indirect or Macroeconomic Methods in Measuring the Informal Economy," Journal of Applied Management and Investments, Department of Business Administration and Corporate Security, International Humanitarian University, vol. 8(4), pages 201-215, December.
    15. Aysel Amir & Korhan Gökmenoğlu, 2023. "Analyzing the Drivers of the Shadow Economy for the Case of the CESEE Region," Journal of Economics / Ekonomicky casopis, Institute of Economic Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, vol. 71(2), pages 155-181, February.
    16. Friedrich SCHNEIDER, 2016. "Estimating the Size of the Shadow Economy: Methods, Problems and Open Questions," Turkish Economic Review, KSP Journals, vol. 3(2), pages 256-280, June.
    17. M. Ali Kemal, 2007. "A Fresh Assessment of the Underground Economy and Tax Evasion in Pakistan : Causes, Consequences, and Linkages with the Formal Economy," Microeconomics Working Papers 22200, East Asian Bureau of Economic Research.
    18. Benkraiem, Ramzi & Lahiani, Amine & Miloudi, Anthony & Shahbaz, Muhammad, 2019. "The asymmetric role of shadow economy in the energy-growth nexus in Bolivia," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 405-417.
    19. Ceyhun Elgin, 2020. "Shadow Economies Around the World: Evidence from Metropolitan Areas," Eastern Economic Journal, Palgrave Macmillan;Eastern Economic Association, vol. 46(2), pages 301-322, April.
    20. Enste, Dominik & Schneider, Friedrich, 1998. "Increasing Shadow Economies all over the World - Fiction or Reality?," IZA Discussion Papers 26, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    21. Elijah, Obayelu Abiodun & Uffort, Larry, 2007. "Comparative Analysis of the Relationship Between Poverty and Underground economy in the Highly developed, Transition and Developing Countries," MPRA Paper 2054, University Library of Munich, Germany.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1989_num_226_1_5388. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Equipe PERSEE (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.persee.fr/collection/estat .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.