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La retraite anticipée : choix ou contrainte ?

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  • Jean-Luc Heller

Abstract

[fre] Au cours des dix dernières années, la fin de l'activité professionnelle est intervenue de plus en plus tôt. Les différents régimes de préretraite ont été pour beaucoup dans la baisse de l'activité professionnelle après 55 ans, voire après 50 ans. . Les préretraités ne constituent pas un groupe homogène : certains se rapprochent des chômeurs, d'autres des retraités. Départ contraint ou départ choisi, licenciement subi ou démission volontaire opposent les préretraités. . Les grandes entreprises industrielles ont eu massivement recours à la mise en préretraite pour réduire ou redéployer leurs effectifs. Ouvriers et ouvrières, souvent anciens et peu qualifiés, ont été les premiers concernés. Mais le dispositif s'est ensuite étendu au tertiaire, touchant employés et cadres. [eng] Early retirement : choice or constraint ? - In the course of the last ten years, the end of professional activity has occurred earlier and earlier. The different early retirement systems have in many cases encouraged a reduction of professional activity after age 55 or even as early as 50. . The group involved is not homogenous: some are closer to the unemployed, others to the retired. Those who are affected by early retirement are differentiated by imposed or chosen departures, dismissals or voluntary resignations. . Large industrial companies to a great extent have had recourse to the imposition of early retirement in order to reduce or redeploy their total number of salaried employees. Male and female laborers, often with seniority and few skills were the first to be affected. But the system was then extended to the tertiary sector, affecting employees and cadres. [spa] El retiro anticipado ¿ escogimiento o apremio ? - En el transcurso del ultimo decenio, el fin de la actividad profesional intervino más y más temprano. Los diversos regimenes de retiro anticipado influyeron mayormente en la merma de la actividad profesional después de cumplirse los 55 anos, incluso los 50 años. . Los retirados con anticipo no constituyen un grupo homogéneo : algunos tienen algún parecido con los desocupados, los demás se asemejan a jubilados. Fin de actividad impuesto o escogido, alta sufrida o alta voluntaria oponen a los retirados por anticipación. . Las grandes empresas industriales acudieron en masa al retiro anticipado para reducir o incrementar el numéro de su personal. Obreros y obreras, a menudo con antiguedad y escasamente cualificados, fueron los primeros concernidos. Mas el dispositivo se extendió a continuación al sector terciario afectando a empleados y ejecutivos.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Luc Heller, 1986. "La retraite anticipée : choix ou contrainte ?," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 193(1), pages 97-109.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1986_num_193_1_2522
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1986.2522
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1986.2522
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pierre-Alain Audirac, 1985. "Les personnes âgées, de la vie de famille à l'isolement," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 175(1), pages 39-54.
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    1. Carine Burrican & Nicole Roth, 2000. "Les parcours de fin de carrière des générations 1912-1941 : l'impact du cadre institutionnel," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 335(1), pages 63-79.

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