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Les trente-cinq heures : un réexamen des effets sur l'emploi

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  • Christian Gianella

Abstract

[eng] Assessments of the “ Aubry Laws ” – which established the 35-hour workweek in France – generally rely on business data. These make it possible to identify only the short-term effects, when work-sharing can reduce cyclical unemployment. Our article studies the medium-term effects of the Aubry Laws using a disaggregated model of the labor market to examine the legislation’s three components : (1) shortening of working time per se, (2) greater opportunities for workplace reorganization, and (3) cuts in social contributions. The findings show a net loss of jobs linked to the sharp decline in productivity, but this impact is cushioned by the introduction of flexible working time and cuts in social contributions. [fre] Les évaluations des « lois Aubry » de réduction du temps de travail reposent généralement sur des données d’entreprises, qui ne permettent d’en identifier que les effets à court terme, lorsque le partage du travail est en mesure de réduire le volant de chômage conjoncturel. Cet article étudie les effets des lois Aubry à moyen terme, à partir d’un modèle désagrégé du marché du travail, en étudiant séparément ses trois composantes : la réduction du temps de travail per se, les possibilités accrues de réorganisation des entreprises et enfin les allégements de cotisations sociales. Il en ressort une perte nette d’emploi , liée à la forte baisse de productivité, limitée toutefois par la flexibilisation du temps de travail et par les allégements de cotisations sociales.

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  • Christian Gianella, 2006. "Les trente-cinq heures : un réexamen des effets sur l'emploi," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 175(4), pages 163-178.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_2006_num_175_4_7569
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.2006.7569
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.2006.7569
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    3. Christian Gianella & Sandrine Duchêne & Sébastien Doisy, 2004. "Un modèle d’appariement avec hétérogénéité du facteur travail : un nouvel outil d’évaluation des politiques économiques," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 162(1), pages 1-22.
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