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L'hystérésis du taux de chômage en Europe

Author

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  • Jean-Philippe Cotis
  • Ferhat Mihoubi

Abstract

[eng] The Unemployment Rate Hysterisis in Europe, . by Jean-Philippe Cotis, Ferhat Mihoubi.. . The unemployment rate in most of the European countries is still quite high when considered in the light of the improvement in basic macroeconomic conditions registered over recent years (drop in oil prices, wage moderation, more profitability...) On the whole, the unemployment rate in Europe seems to be characterized by the fact that it is here to stay, i.e. a hysterisis phenomenon. After having introduced both this concept and the theories which aim at studying the phenomenon, the study examines the empirical tests which have been undertaken for several European countries (France, West Germany, United Kingdom) to corroborate or invalidate the existence of such a phenomenon and to single out the mechanisms by which it might operate. [ger] Die Hysterese der Arbeitslosenquote in Europa, . von Jean-Philippe Cotis, Ferhat Mihoubi.. . Die Arbeitslosenquote in den meisten europäischen Ländern bleibt im Verhältnis zu der im Verlauf der letzten Jahre verzeichneten Verbesserung der makroökonomischen Grundbedingungen (Rückgang des Ölpreises, Mässigung in der Lohnentwicklung, bessere Ertragslage...) sehr hoch. Im ganzen scheint die Arbeitslosenquote unverändert hoch geblieben zu sein, d.h. sie ist durch ein Hysterese-Phänomen gekennzeichnet. Im Anschluss an die Erläuterung dieses Begriffs und der ihn begründenden Theorien yverden in diesem Beitrag die fur mehrere europäische Länder (Frankreich, BRD, England) durchgeführten empirischen Tests nacheinander geprüft, um die Existenz eines solchen Phänomens nachzuweisen und um die Mechanismen aufzuzeigen, durch die es zutage tritt. [spa] Histéresis del índice de desocupación en Europa, . por Jean-Philippe Cotis, Ferhat Mihoubi.. . El índice de desocupación de la mayoría de países europeos sigue siendo muy elevado trente a la mejora de las condiciones macroeconómicas de fondo registrada durante los años recientes (baja del precio del petróleo, moderaciôón salarial, mejor capacidad de ganancia...). En total, el índice de desocupación en Europa parece caracterizado por su gran persistencia, es decir un fenómeno de histéresis. Tras haber presentado esta noción, así como las teorías que permiten dar cuenta de ello, el estudio examina las pruebas empíricas llevadas a cabo para varios países europeos (Francia, RFA, Reino Unido) con el fin de corroborar la existencia de un fenómeno parecido y de poner en evidencia los mecanismos por los cuales opera. [fre] L'hystérésis du taux de chômage en Europe, . par Jean-Philippe Cotis, Ferhat Mihoubi.. . Le taux de chômage de la plupart des pays européens reste très élevé au regard de l'amélioration des conditions macroéconomiques de fond enregistrée au cours des années récentes (baisse du prix du pétrole, modération salariale, meilleure profitabilité...). Au total, le taux de chômage en Europe semble caractérisé par sa forte persistance, c'est-à-dire un phénomène d'hystérèse. Après avoir présenté cette notion, ainsi que les théories qui permettent d'en rendre compte, l'étude passe en revue les tests empiriques menés pour plusieurs pays européens (France, Rfa, Royaume-Uni) afin de corroborer l'existence d'un tel phénomène et de mettre en évidence les mécanismes par lesquels il opère.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Philippe Cotis & Ferhat Mihoubi, 1990. "L'hystérésis du taux de chômage en Europe," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 92(1), pages 127-144.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_1990_num_92_1_5164
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.1990.5164
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.1990.5164
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    Cited by:

    1. Michel-Pierre Chélini & Georges Prat, 2019. "Verständnis der langfristigen Dynamik von Arbeitslosigkeit und Löhnen in Frankreich [Understanding the Long Run Dynamics of French Unemployment and Wages]," Post-Print hal-04400810, HAL.
    2. Moïse Sidiropoulos & Jamel Trabelsi, 2001. "Les chocs monétaires et la persistance du taux de chômage," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 148(2), pages 41-47.
    3. Raphaël Tresmontant, 1991. "Chômage : les chances d'en sortir," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 241(1), pages 41-51.

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