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La structure logique de la Théorie générale de Keynes

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  • Carlo Benetti

Abstract

[fre] L'objet de cet article est la construction de la théorie de Keynes, envisagée comme une structure composée de trois modèles, généraux et de base, qui se déduisent les uns des autres. On montre que la loi de Say à laquelle Keynes s'oppose peut être formalisée au moyen d'un modèle « récursif par l'offre ». La critique de Keynes conduit à un modèle différent, « non walrassien et d'interdépendance générale ». Ce modèle n'autorise pas la critique de l'ajustement à l'équilibre de plein emploi. Il joue le rôle de modèle de référence à partir duquel, dans une troisième étape, est obtenu le modèle keynésien proprement dit, défini comme celui qui admet au moins un équilibre avec chômage involontaire dans les conditions de flexibilité des salaires et des prix. Cette étude montre la remarquable cohérence de la construction de la théorie de Keynes en même temps que les limites de son « hérésie » théorique. [eng] In this paper we study the construction of Keynes' theory, conceived as a structure composed by three general and basic models, which are deduced ones from the others. We show that Say's law as criticized by Keynes can be formalized by means of a « recursive supply » model. Keynes' criticism leads to a different model, a « non-walrasian and general interdepedence » one, which does not allow to criticize the adjustement to a full employment equilibrium. It is used by Keynes as a basic model from which, in a third stage, he obtains the keynesian model, defined as the model which admits at least one involuntary unemployment equilibrium with flexibility of wages and prices. We conclude that the construction of Keynes' theory is logically coherent and we show the limitations of his theoretical « heresy ».

Suggested Citation

  • Carlo Benetti, 1998. "La structure logique de la Théorie générale de Keynes," Cahiers d'Économie Politique, Programme National Persée, vol. 30(1), pages 11-48.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:caecpo:cep_0154-8344_1998_num_30_1_1212
    DOI: 10.3406/cep.1998.1212
    Note: DOI:10.3406/cep.1998.1212
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tobin, James, 1975. "Keynesian Models of Recession and Depression," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 65(2), pages 195-202, May.
    2. James Tobin, 1993. "Price Flexibility and Output Stability: An Old Keynesian View," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 7(1), pages 45-65, Winter.
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    Cited by:

    1. Christian Tutin, 2004. "Towards a Kyenesian dynamics ? Harrod, Hicks and Ohlin, readers of the General Theory [Dynamiser Keynes ? Harrod, Hicks Et Ohlin, Lecteurs De La Theorie Generale]," Post-Print hal-03649831, HAL.
    2. Nicolas Piluso, 2007. "Le rôle de l'incertitude dans la théorie du chômage de Keynes Le rôle de l'incertitude dans la théorie du chômage de Keynes," Post-Print hal-01399031, HAL.
    3. Michel De Vroey, 2000. "La structure logique de la Théorie générale de Keynes. Une critique de Benetti," Cahiers d'Économie Politique, Programme National Persée, vol. 36(1), pages 127-141.
    4. Goulven Rubin, 2014. "Oskar Lange or how IS-LM came to be interpreted as a Walrasian model," Working Papers halshs-01018658, HAL.
    5. Tutin, Christian, 2003. "Keynes, une économie politique du capitalisme financier?," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 79(1), pages 21-36, Mars-Juin.
    6. Edith Klimovski, 2001. "La méthode de la Théorie Générale selon Patinkin," Cahiers d'Économie Politique, Programme National Persée, vol. 38(1), pages 65-78.
    7. Christophe Lavialle, 2001. "L'épistémologie de Keynes et "l'hypothèse Wittgenstein" : La cohérence logique de la Théorie Générale de l'emploi, de l'intérêt et de la monnaie," Cahiers d'Économie Politique, Programme National Persée, vol. 38(1), pages 25-64.

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