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Facemask and social distancing, pillars of opening up economies

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  • Ali Najmi
  • Sahar Nazari
  • Farshid Safarighouzhdi
  • C Raina MacIntyre
  • Eric J Miller
  • Taha H. Rashidi

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused severe health and economic impacts globally. Strategies to safely reopen economies, travel and trade are a high priority. Until a reliable vaccine is available, non-pharmaceutical techniques are the only available means of disease control. In this paper, we aim to evaluate the extent to which social distancing (SD) and facemask (FM) use can mitigate the transmission of COVID-19 when restrictions are lifted. We used a microsimulation activity-based model for Sydney Greater Metropolitan Area, to evaluate the power of SD and FM in controlling the pandemic under numerous scenarios. The hypothetical scenarios are designed to picture feasible futures under different assumptions. Assuming that the isolation of infected cases and the quarantining of close contacts are in place, different numerical tests are conducted and a full factorial two-way MANOVA test is used to evaluate the effectiveness of the FM and SD control strategies. The main and interactive effects of the containment strategies are evaluated by the total number of infections, percentage of infections reduction, the time it takes to get the pandemic under control, and the intensity of active cases.

Suggested Citation

  • Ali Najmi & Sahar Nazari & Farshid Safarighouzhdi & C Raina MacIntyre & Eric J Miller & Taha H. Rashidi, 2021. "Facemask and social distancing, pillars of opening up economies," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(4), pages 1-13, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0249677
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249677
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Eric Miller & Matthew Roorda & Juan Carrasco, 2005. "A tour-based model of travel mode choice," Transportation, Springer, vol. 32(4), pages 399-422, July.
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    1. Ali Najmi & Sahar Nazari & Farshid Safarighouzhdi & Eric J. Miller & Raina MacIntyre & Taha H. Rashidi, 2022. "Easing or tightening control strategies: determination of COVID-19 parameters for an agent-based model," Transportation, Springer, vol. 49(5), pages 1265-1293, October.
    2. Nagel, Kai & Rakow, Christian & Müller, Sebastian A., 2021. "Realistic agent-based simulation of infection dynamics and percolation," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 584(C).

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