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The last frontier for global non-communicable disease action: The emergency department—A cross-sectional study from East Africa

Author

Listed:
  • Christine Ngaruiya
  • Mbatha Wambua
  • Thomas Kedera Mutua
  • Daniel Owambo
  • Morgan Muchemi
  • Kipkoech Rop
  • Kaitlin R Maciejewski
  • Rebecca Leff
  • Mugane Mutua
  • Benjamin Wachira

Abstract

Introduction: Deaths due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have surpassed those due to communicable diseases globally and are projected to do so in Africa by 2030. Despite demonstrated effectiveness in high-income country (HIC) settings, the ED is a primary source of NCD care that has been under-prioritized in Africa. In this study, we assess the burden of leading NCDs and NCD risk factors in Kenyan Casualty Department patients to inform interventions targeting patients with NCDs in emergency care settings. Materials and methods: Using the WHO STEPwise approach to surveillance (STEPS) tool and the Personal Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), we conducted a survey of 923 adults aged 18 and over at Kenyatta National Hospital Emergency Department (KNH ED) between May-October 2018. Age, income, household size(t-test), sex, education, marital status, work status, and poverty status (chi-squared test or fisher’s exact test) were assessed using descriptive statistics and analyzed using covariate-adjusted logistic analysis. Results: Over a third of respondents had hypertension (35.8%, n = 225/628), 18.3% had raised blood sugar or diabetes (18.3%, n = 61/333), and 11.7% reported having cardiovascular disease (11.7%, n = 90/769). Having lower levels of education was associated with tobacco use (OR 6.0, 95% CI 2.808–12.618, p

Suggested Citation

  • Christine Ngaruiya & Mbatha Wambua & Thomas Kedera Mutua & Daniel Owambo & Morgan Muchemi & Kipkoech Rop & Kaitlin R Maciejewski & Rebecca Leff & Mugane Mutua & Benjamin Wachira, 2021. "The last frontier for global non-communicable disease action: The emergency department—A cross-sectional study from East Africa," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(4), pages 1-20, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0248709
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248709
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. World Health Organization, 2007. "Protection From Exposure to Second-Hand Tobacco Smoke: Policy recommendations," University of California at San Francisco, Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education qt0nb6z24q, Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, UC San Francisco.
    2. World Health Organization, 2007. "Protection from exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke. Policy recommendations," University of California at San Francisco, Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education qt3t77f8th, Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, UC San Francisco.
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