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Development and validation of Work-Related Activities during Non-Work Time Scale (WANTS) for doctors

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  • Mohd Fadhli Mohd Fauzi
  • Hanizah Mohd Yusoff
  • Nur Adibah Mat Saruan
  • Rosnawati Muhamad Robat

Abstract

Work-related activities during non-work time may influence the intershift recovery of post-work fatigue. Currently there is no valid and reliable scale available to measure the frequency for such activities among doctors. Therefore, this study aims to develop and validate ‘Work-Related Activities during Non-Work Time Scale’ (WANTS) that measure the frequency of work-related activities during non-work time for doctors. This was a scale development and validation study among doctors involving item generation, content and construct validation, and reliability assessment. 23-item seven-point Likert-type scale was developed through deductive (literature search) and inductive (interview with source population, authors’ experiences, and expert opinion) methods. The content-validated scale was pre-tested, and the improved scale was subsequently administered to randomly-selected 460 doctors working at public hospital setting. Response rate was 77.76% (n = 382). Initial exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with principal axis factoring (PAF) using varimax rotation revealed unstable six-factor structure consisting of 17 variables; thus, we tested one- to six-factor model, and found that four-factor model is the most stable. Further analysis with principal component analysis (PCA) with a single component on each factor found that 17-variables four-factor model is stable. These factors were labelled as ‘work-related thought’, ‘work-to-home conversation’, ‘task spillover’ and ‘superior-subordinate communication’. It showed good internal consistency with overall alpha value of 0.837. The scale is thus valid and reliable for measuring the frequency of each construct of work-related activities during non-work time among doctors.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohd Fadhli Mohd Fauzi & Hanizah Mohd Yusoff & Nur Adibah Mat Saruan & Rosnawati Muhamad Robat, 2020. "Development and validation of Work-Related Activities during Non-Work Time Scale (WANTS) for doctors," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(11), pages 1-18, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0241577
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241577
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