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Double burden of malnutrition at household level: A comparative study among Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, and Myanmar

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  • Asibul Islam Anik
  • Md Mosfequr Rahman
  • Md Mostafizur Rahman
  • Md Ismail Tareque
  • Md Nuruzzaman Khan
  • M Mahmudul Alam

Abstract

Background: The coexistence of overweight mother and stunted child at the same household is a type of Double Burden of Malnutrition at Household Level (DBMHL). This particular public health concern is now emerging at an alarming rate among most of the South Asian and its neighboring lower-and-middle income countries which are going through nutritional transition. This study has examined the prevalence rate and the risk factors of DBMHL along with the socio-economic inequality in DBMHL among Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, and Myanmar. Methods: Latest Demographic and Health Survey datasets were used in this study. To identify the significant association of DBMHL with socio-demographic characteristics, a multivariate technique named as logistic regression model, and for measuring socio-economic inequalities in DBMHL prevalence, relative index of inequality (RII) and slope index of inequality (SII) were used. Results: The prevalence rates of DBMHL were 4.10% (urban: 5.57%, rural: 3.51%), 1.54% (urban: 1.63%, rural: 1.42%), 3.93% (urban: 5.62%, rural: 3.20%), and 5.54% (urban: 6.16%, rural: 5.33%) respectively in Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, and Myanmar. The risk ratios (RR) obtained from RII for Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan and Myanmar were 1.25, 1.25, 1.14, and 1.09, respectively, and β coefficient from SII were 0.01, 0.004, 0.005, and 0.006 unit respectively. In addition to not breastfeeding [Bangladesh (AOR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.11–2.15), Myanmar (AOR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.02–2.95)], respondent’s older age (in Bangladesh, Nepal, and Myanmar), child’s older age (in Pakistan and Myanmar), and middle and rich groups of wealth-index (in Bangladesh and Pakistan) were strong risk factors for DBMHL. On the other hand, female child [Nepal (AOR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.26–0.95), Pakistan (AOR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.41–0.84)], higher education [in Pakistan], respondent not participated in decision making [in Bangladesh and Nepal] and media access [Nepal (AOR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.20–0.98)] had negative association with DBMHL. Conclusion: The DBMHL persists in all selected countries, with a higher prevalence in urban areas than in rural areas. In order to control the higher prevalence of DBMHL in urban areas, respective countries need urgent implementation of multisectoral actions through effective policies and empowering local communities.

Suggested Citation

  • Asibul Islam Anik & Md Mosfequr Rahman & Md Mostafizur Rahman & Md Ismail Tareque & Md Nuruzzaman Khan & M Mahmudul Alam, 2019. "Double burden of malnutrition at household level: A comparative study among Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, and Myanmar," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(8), pages 1-16, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0221274
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221274
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sabeen Saif & Sofia Anwar, 2023. "Provincial Disparities, Trends And Coexisting Health Inequalities Among Women Of Reproductive Age And Its Determinants In The Context Of Sustainable Development Goals," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 12(1), pages 1-17.
    2. Patel, Ratna & Srivastava, Shobhit & Kumar, Pradeep & Chauhan, Shekhar, 2020. "Factors associated with double burden of malnutrition among mother-child pairs in India: A study based on National Family Health Survey 2015–16," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    3. Kumar, Mukesh & Mohanty, Pratap C, 2022. "Does maternal overnutrition carry child undernutrition in India?," SocArXiv 35ker, Center for Open Science.

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