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Impact of implementation intentions on physical activity practice in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

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  • Marco Antonio Vieira da Silva
  • Thaís Moreira São-João
  • Valéria Cândido Brizon
  • Décio Henrique Franco
  • Fábio Luiz Mialhe

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to verify the efficacy of using theory-based strategies on implementation intentions in promoting physical activity (PA) among adults. Methods: This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA recommendations. The search was carried out in seven electronic databases (LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, Cochrane, Web of Science) and two searches of the “grey literature” were performed (Openthesis and OpenGrey). Randomized clinical trials (RCT), published up to September 2016, were considered eligible for this study. Two reviewers independently and systematically evaluated the eligibility criteria, and performed data extraction. A meta-analysis was performed for the purpose of comparing the effect between the intervention and control groups. The effect sizes were grouped in two subgroups with the purpose of more accurately verifying the effect caused by reinforcing the implementation intentions strategy, and using the inverse variance statistical method with random effects models to estimate the main effect of the implementation intention strategy on the PA behavior. Heterogeneity among the studies was evaluated by using I-square statistics, and the Jadad scale to evaluate the quality of included papers. Results: The search resulted in 12,147 records, of which 13 RCTs were considered eligible for this review. Sample age ranged from 18 to 76 years, and participants had conditions such as medullary lesion, coronary disease, obesity, diabetes mellitus, sedentarism or occupational stress. When the summary of the effect was analyzed in the meta-analysis, the result found in the subgroup with reinforcement of the implementation intentions strategy was 0.25 (IC 95% = 0.05–0.45) in favor of the intervention group. This demonstrated that application of the implementation intentions strategy was capable of increasing PA practice in the participants of these studies, in comparison with others that did not use this reinforcement. Conclusion: The findings of this review indicated that application of the theory of implementation intentions promoted PA behavior among the adults who received reinforcement of this strategy. The systematic review protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database under the number CRD42018090482.

Suggested Citation

  • Marco Antonio Vieira da Silva & Thaís Moreira São-João & Valéria Cândido Brizon & Décio Henrique Franco & Fábio Luiz Mialhe, 2018. "Impact of implementation intentions on physical activity practice in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(11), pages 1-15, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0206294
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206294
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ajzen, Icek, 1991. "The theory of planned behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 179-211, December.
    2. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
    3. Luszczynska, Aleksandra, 2006. "An implementation intentions intervention, the use of a planning strategy, and physical activity after myocardial infarction," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 62(4), pages 900-908, February.
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    1. Sanying Peng & Ahmad Tajuddin Othman & Fang Yuan & Jinghong Liang, 2022. "The Effectiveness of Planning Interventions for Improving Physical Activity in the General Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-17, June.
    2. Sanying Peng & Fang Yuan & Ahmad Tajuddin Othman & Xiaogang Zhou & Gang Shen & Jinghong Liang, 2022. "The Effectiveness of E-Health Interventions Promoting Physical Activity and Reducing Sedentary Behavior in College Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-20, December.
    3. Sanying Peng & Ahmad Tajuddin Othman & Ahmad Zamri Khairani & Zhuang Zhou & Xiaogang Zhou & Fang Yuan & Jinghong Liang, 2023. "Meta-Analysis of Implementation Intentions Interventions in Promoting Physical Activity among University Students," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-16, August.
    4. Szczuka, Zofia & Kulis, Ewa & Boberska, Monika & Banik, Anna & Kruk, Magdalena & Keller, Jan & Knoll, Nina & Scholz, Urte & Abraham, Charles & Luszczynska, Aleksandra, 2021. "Can individual, dyadic, or collaborative planning reduce sedentary behavior? A randomized controlled trial," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 287(C).
    5. Janeth Tenorio-Mucha & Patricia Busta-Flores & Tania De la Cruz-Saldaña & Silvia Marcela Montufar-Crespo & German Malaga & Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz & Maria Lazo-Porras, 2022. "Pilot Feasibility Assessment of a Tailored Physical Activity Prescription in Overweight and Obese People in a Public Hospital," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-14, August.

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