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A 3-minute test of cardiorespiratory fitness for use in primary care clinics

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Listed:
  • Yi Guo
  • Jiang Bian
  • Qian Li
  • Trevor Leavitt
  • Eric I Rosenberg
  • Thomas W Buford
  • Megan D Smith
  • Heather K Vincent
  • François Modave

Abstract

Background: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is the only major risk factor that is not routinely assessed in the clinical setting, for preventive medicine. A valid and practical CRF test is needed for use in the clinics. The objective of this study is to demonstrate the validity of a 3-minute squat test to assess CRF in primary care. Methods: A cross-sectional study in which the participants performed both the Ruffier squat test and the Balke maximal treadmill test. The study was conducted in a clinical setting from September 2016 to March 2017. We recruited a convenient sample of 40 adults between 18 and 64 years from the general U.S. population. Participants completed 30 squats in 45 seconds, paced by a metronome. Heart rate was measured at rest (P1), immediately after the test (P2), one minute after the test (P3). V˙O2max was measured using the Balke maximal treadmill fitness test. Results: Of the 40 participants, there were 18 men and 22 women. Mean age was 31.2 years (SD = 9.9). We found that the best V˙O2max predictors were HR features P1/height and (P2–P3)/age3. Our best-performing model using these two features predicted individuals’ CRF levels with an adjusted R2 of 0.637, sensitivity of 0.79, and specificity of 0.56. Conclusions: The study provided strong evidence for the validity of the squat test in the clinical setting. Further, the equation of our model along with V˙O2max normative tables provides an efficient and easy way to assess CRF in a primary care setting.

Suggested Citation

  • Yi Guo & Jiang Bian & Qian Li & Trevor Leavitt & Eric I Rosenberg & Thomas W Buford & Megan D Smith & Heather K Vincent & François Modave, 2018. "A 3-minute test of cardiorespiratory fitness for use in primary care clinics," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(7), pages 1-11, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0201598
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201598
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    1. Leandro Fornias Machado de Rezende & Maurício Rodrigues Lopes & Juan Pablo Rey-López & Victor Keihan Rodrigues Matsudo & Olinda do Carmo Luiz, 2014. "Sedentary Behavior and Health Outcomes: An Overview of Systematic Reviews," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(8), pages 1-7, August.
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