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The association between human endogenous retroviruses and multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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  • Elena Morandi
  • Radu Tanasescu
  • Rachael E Tarlinton
  • Cris S Constantinescu
  • Weiya Zhang
  • Christopher Tench
  • Bruno Gran

Abstract

Background: The interaction between genetic and environmental factors is crucial to multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. Human Endogenous Retroviruses (HERVs) are endogenous viral elements of the human genome whose expression is associated with MS. Objective: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis and to assess qualitative and quantitative evidence on the expression of HERV families in MS patients. Methods: Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched for published studies on the association of HERVs and MS. Meta-analysis was performed on the HERV-W family. Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for association. Results: 43 reports were extracted (25 related to HERV-W, 13 to HERV-H, 9 to HERV-K, 5 to HRES-1 and 1 to HER-15 family). The analysis showed an association between expression of all HERV families and MS. For HERV-W, adequate data was available for meta-analysis. Results from meta-analyses of HERV-W were OR = 22.66 (95%CI 6.32 to 81.20) from 4 studies investigating MSRV/HERV-W (MS-associated retrovirus) envelope mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, OR = 44.11 (95%CI 12.95 to 150.30) from 6 studies of MSRV/HERV-W polymerase mRNA in serum/plasma and OR = 6.00 (95%CI 3.35 to 10.74) from 4 studies of MSRV/HERV-W polymerase mRNA in CSF. Conclusions: This systematic review and meta-analysis shows an association between expression of HERVs, and in particular the HERV-W family, and MS.

Suggested Citation

  • Elena Morandi & Radu Tanasescu & Rachael E Tarlinton & Cris S Constantinescu & Weiya Zhang & Christopher Tench & Bruno Gran, 2017. "The association between human endogenous retroviruses and multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(2), pages 1-18, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0172415
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172415
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    1. David Moher & Alessandro Liberati & Jennifer Tetzlaff & Douglas G Altman & The PRISMA Group, 2009. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-6, July.
    2. Belén de la Hera & Jezabel Varadé & Marta García-Montojo & José Ramón Lamas & Ana de la Encarnación & Rafael Arroyo & Benjamín Fernández-Gutiérrez & Roberto Álvarez-Lafuente & Elena Urcelay, 2013. "Role of the Human Endogenous Retrovirus HERV-K18 in Autoimmune Disease Susceptibility: Study in the Spanish Population and Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(4), pages 1-7, April.
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