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Disclosure of HIV status and its impact on the loss in the follow-up of HIV-infected patients on potent anti-retroviral therapy programs in a (post-) conflict setting: A retrospective cohort study from Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo

Author

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  • Pierre Zalagile Akilimali
  • Patou Masika Musumari
  • Espérance Kashala-Abotnes
  • Patrick Kalambayi Kayembe
  • François B Lepira
  • Paulin Beya Mutombo
  • Thorkild Tylleskar
  • Mapatano Mala Ali

Abstract

Background: The study aimed to identify the impact of non-disclosure of HIV status on the loss to follow-up (LTFU) of patients receiving anti-retroviral therapy. Methodology: A historic cohort of HIV patients from 2 major hospitals in Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo was followed from 2004 to 2012. LTFU was defined as not taking an ART refill for a period of 3 months or longer since the last attendance, and had not yet been classified as ‘dead’ or ‘transferred-out’. Kaplan-Meier plots were used to determine the probability of LTFU as a function of time as inclusive of the cohort. The log-rank test was used to compare survival curves based on determinants. Cox proportional hazard modeling was used to measure predictors of LTFU from the time of treatment induction until December 15th, 2012 (the end-point). Results: The median follow-up time was 3.99 years (IQR = 2.33 to 5.59). Seventy percent of patients had shared their HIV status with others (95% CI: 66.3–73.1). The proportion of LTFU was 12% (95%CI: 9.6–14.4). Patients who did not share their HIV status (Adjusted HR 2.28, 95% CI 1.46–2.29), patients who did not live in the city of Goma (Adjusted HR 1.97, 95% CI 1.02–3.77), and those who attained secondary or higher education level (Adjusted HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.02–2.53) had a higher hazard of being LTFU. Conclusion: This study shows the relationship between the non–disclosure HIV status and LTFU. Healthcare workers in similar settings should pay more attention to clients who have not disclosed their HIV status, and to those living far from health settings where they receive medication.

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  • Pierre Zalagile Akilimali & Patou Masika Musumari & Espérance Kashala-Abotnes & Patrick Kalambayi Kayembe & François B Lepira & Paulin Beya Mutombo & Thorkild Tylleskar & Mapatano Mala Ali, 2017. "Disclosure of HIV status and its impact on the loss in the follow-up of HIV-infected patients on potent anti-retroviral therapy programs in a (post-) conflict setting: A retrospective cohort study fro," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(2), pages 1-13, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0171407
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171407
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    1. Jessica E Haberer & Adrian Cook & A Sarah Walker & Marjorie Ngambi & Alex Ferrier & Veronica Mulenga & Cissy Kityo & Margaret Thomason & Desiree Kabamba & Chifumbe Chintu & Diana M Gibb & David R Bang, 2011. "Excellent Adherence to Antiretrovirals in HIV+ Zambian Children Is Compromised by Disrupted Routine, HIV Nondisclosure, and Paradoxical Income Effects," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(4), pages 1-8, April.
    2. Kate Bird & Kate Higgins & Andy McKay, 2010. "Conflict, education and the intergenerational transmission of poverty in Northern Uganda," Journal of International Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 22(8), pages 1183-1196, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Roger T. Buju & Pierre Z. Akilimali & Erick N. Kamangu & Gauthier K. Mesia & Jean Marie N. Kayembe & Hippolyte N. Situakibanza, 2022. "Incidence and Predictors of Loss to Follow Up among Patients Living with HIV under Dolutegravir in Bunia, Democratic Republic of Congo: A Prospective Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-9, April.
    2. Roger T. Buju & Pierre Z. Akilimali & Erick N. Kamangu & Gauthier K. Mesia & Jean Marie N. Kayembe & Hippolyte N. Situakibanza, 2022. "Predictors of Viral Non-Suppression among Patients Living with HIV under Dolutegravir in Bunia, Democratic Republic of Congo: A Prospective Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-13, January.
    3. Izudi, Jonathan & Cattamanchi, Adithya & Castelnuovo, Barbara & King, Rachel, 2024. "Barriers and facilitators to viral load suppression among people living with HIV following intensive adherence counseling in Kampala, Uganda: A qualitative study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 343(C).

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