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Global Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Nathan R Hill
  • Samuel T Fatoba
  • Jason L Oke
  • Jennifer A Hirst
  • Christopher A O’Callaghan
  • Daniel S Lasserson
  • F D Richard Hobbs

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health burden with a high economic cost to health systems and is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). All stages of CKD are associated with increased risks of cardiovascular morbidity, premature mortality, and/or decreased quality of life. CKD is usually asymptomatic until later stages and accurate prevalence data are lacking. Thus we sought to determine the prevalence of CKD globally, by stage, geographical location, gender and age. A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies estimating CKD prevalence in general populations was conducted through literature searches in 8 databases. We assessed pooled data using a random effects model. Of 5,842 potential articles, 100 studies of diverse quality were included, comprising 6,908,440 patients. Global mean(95%CI) CKD prevalence of 5 stages 13·4%(11·7–15·1%), and stages 3–5 was 10·6%(9·2–12·2%). Weighting by study quality did not affect prevalence estimates. CKD prevalence by stage was Stage-1 (eGFR>90+ACR>30): 3·5% (2·8–4·2%); Stage-2 (eGFR 60–89+ACR>30): 3·9% (2·7–5·3%); Stage-3 (eGFR 30–59): 7·6% (6·4–8·9%); Stage-4 = (eGFR 29–15): 0·4% (0·3–0·5%); and Stage-5 (eGFR

Suggested Citation

  • Nathan R Hill & Samuel T Fatoba & Jason L Oke & Jennifer A Hirst & Christopher A O’Callaghan & Daniel S Lasserson & F D Richard Hobbs, 2016. "Global Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(7), pages 1-18, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0158765
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158765
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    1. Christian T. Litchepah & Issidor. Noumba & Mohammadou. Nourou, 2022. "Does reducing violence against women improve children’s health? The case of Cameroon," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 6(6), pages 187-194, June.
    2. Alexandra-Elena Marin & Rosa Redolat & José-Antonio Gil-Gómez & Patricia Mesa-Gresa, 2023. "Addressing Cognitive Function and Psychological Well-Being in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review on the Use of Technology-Based Interventions," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-21, February.
    3. Pongpan Suriyong & Chidchanok Ruengorn & Chairat Shayakul & Puree Anantachoti & Penkarn Kanjanarat, 2022. "Prevalence of chronic kidney disease stages 3–5 in low- and middle-income countries in Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(2), pages 1-18, February.
    4. Gabriela Ortiz, 2023. "New meta-analysis (MA) features in Stata 18: MA for prevalence and multilevel MA," Canadian Stata Conference 2023 06, Stata Users Group.
    5. William P Martin & Neil G Docherty & Carel W Le Roux, 2017. "Bariatric Surgery for the Treatment of Diabetic Kidney Disease," Current Research in Diabetes & Obesity Journal, Juniper Publishers Inc., vol. 3(5), pages 1-4, August.
    6. Don O’Mahony & Sikhumbuzo A. Mabunda & Mbulelo Mntonintshi & Joshua Iruedo & Ramprakash Kaswa & Ernesto Blanco-Blanco & Basil Ogunsanwo & Kakia Anne Faith Namugenyi & Sandeep Vasaikar & Parimalaranie , 2023. "Causes of Moderate and Severe Anaemia in a High-HIV and TB-Prevalent Adult Population in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-17, February.
    7. Po-Jen Hsiao & Chih-Chien Chiu & Dung-Jang Tsai & Pi-Shao Ko & Ying-Kai Chen & Hao Cheng & Wen Su & Kuo-Cheng Lu & Sui-Lung Su, 2021. "Association between nitric oxide synthase T-786C genetic polymorphism and chronic kidney disease: Meta-analysis incorporating trial sequential analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(10), pages 1-16, October.
    8. Nisith Kumar Mohanty & Krushna Chandra Sahoo & Sanghamitra Pati & Asish K. Sahu & Reena Mohanty, 2020. "Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in Cuttack District of Odisha, India," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-8, January.
    9. Pim P Valentijn & Fernando Pereira & Christina W Sterner & Hubertus J M Vrijhoef & Dirk Ruwaard & Jörgen Hegbrant & Giovanni F M Strippoli, 2019. "Validation of the Rainbow Model of Integrated Care Measurement Tools (RMIC-MTs) in renal care for patient and care providers," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(9), pages 1-21, September.
    10. Kamolpat Chaiyakittisopon & Oraluck Pattanaprateep & Narisa Ruenroengbun & Tunlanut Sapankaew & Atiporn Ingsathit & Gareth J. Mckay & John Attia & Ammarin Thakkinstian, 2021. "Evaluation of the cost-utility of phosphate binders as a treatment option for hyperphosphatemia in chronic kidney disease patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the economic evaluations," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 22(4), pages 571-584, June.
    11. V Boima & K Agyabeng & V Ganu & D Dey & E Yorke & M B Amissah-Arthur & A A Wilson & A E Yawson & C C Mate-Kole & J Nonvignon, 2020. "Willingness to pay for kidney transplantation among chronic kidney disease patients in Ghana," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(12), pages 1-15, December.
    12. John Pastor Ansah & Shawn Tan Yi Wei & Tessa Lui Shi Min, 2020. "An evaluation of the impact of aggressive diabetes and hypertension management on chronic kidney diseases at the population level: a simulation analysis," System Dynamics Review, System Dynamics Society, vol. 36(4), pages 497-522, October.
    13. Qingqing Cai & Louise H Dekker & Stephan J L Bakker & Martin H de Borst & Gerjan Navis, 2019. "Intraregional differences in renal function in the Northern Netherlands: The Lifelines Cohort Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(10), pages 1-15, October.
    14. Najwa Abdulwahed Al Bastaki & Mohamud Sheek-Hussein & Ankita Shukla & Najlaa Al-Bluwi & Basema Saddik, 2022. "An Evaluation of Non-Communicable Diseases and Risk Factors Associated with COVID-19 Disease Severity in Dubai, United Arab Emirates: An Observational Retrospective Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-14, November.
    15. Theodore Vassilikopoulos & Athena Kalokairinou & Georgia Kourlaba & Eirini Grapsa, 2021. "Evaluation of Pupils’ Knowledge about Kidney Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-10, December.
    16. William P Martin & Neil G Docherty & Carel W Le Roux, 2017. "Bariatric Surgery for the Treatment of Diabetic Kidney Disease," Current Research in Diabetes & Obesity Journal, Juniper Publishers Inc., vol. 3(5), pages 90-93, August.
    17. Kuan Y. Chang & I-Wen Wu & Bo-Ruei Huang & Jih-Gau Juang & Jia-Chyi Wu & Su-Wei Chang & Chung Cheng Chang, 2018. "Associations between Water Quality Measures and Chronic Kidney Disease Prevalence in Taiwan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-15, December.
    18. Hayfa Almutary & Nahla Tayyib, 2021. "Translation, Adaptation, and Validation of Chronic Kidney Disease Self-Management and Knowledge Instruments for People at Pre-Dialysis Stage in the Arab World," Clinical Nursing Research, , vol. 30(8), pages 1231-1240, November.
    19. John Pastor Ansah & Keith Low Sheng Hng & Salman Ahmad & Cheryl Goh, 2021. "Evaluating the impact of upstream and downstream interventions on chronic kidney disease and dialysis care: a simulation analysis," System Dynamics Review, System Dynamics Society, vol. 37(1), pages 32-58, January.
    20. Gabriela Maria Reis Goncalves & Everton Nunes da Silva, 2018. "Cost of chronic kidney disease attributable to diabetes from the perspective of the Brazilian Unified Health System," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(10), pages 1-15, October.
    21. Gabriela Ortíz, "undated". "New meta-analysis (MA) features in Stata 18: MA for prevalence and multilevel MA," Spanish Stata Conference 2023 03, Stata Users Group.
    22. Jing Zeng & Miao Liu & Lei Wu & Jianhua Wang & Shanshan Yang & Yiyan Wang & Yao Yao & Bin Jiang & Yao He, 2016. "The Association of Hypertriglyceridemic Waist Phenotype with Chronic Kidney Disease and Its Sex Difference: A Cross-Sectional Study in an Urban Chinese Elderly Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-10, December.

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