IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/plo/pone00/0145781.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Prevalence and Predictors of Pre-Diabetes and Diabetes among Adults 18 Years or Older in Florida: A Multinomial Logistic Modeling Approach

Author

Listed:
  • Ifechukwude Obiamaka Okwechime
  • Shamarial Roberson
  • Agricola Odoi

Abstract

Background: Individuals with pre-diabetes and diabetes have increased risks of developing macro-vascular complications including heart disease and stroke; which are the leading causes of death globally. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes, and to investigate their predictors among adults ≥18 years in Florida. Methods: Data covering the time period January-December 2013, were obtained from Florida’s Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). Survey design of the study was declared using SVYSET statement of STATA 13.1. Descriptive analyses were performed to estimate the prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes. Predictors of pre-diabetes and diabetes were investigated using multinomial logistic regression model. Model goodness-of-fit was evaluated using both the multinomial goodness-of-fit test proposed by Fagerland, Hosmer, and Bofin, as well as, the Hosmer-Lemeshow’s goodness of fit test. Results: There were approximately 2,983 (7.3%) and 5,189 (12.1%) adults in Florida diagnosed with pre-diabetes and diabetes, respectively. Over half of the study respondents were white, married and over the age of 45 years while 36.4% reported being physically inactive, overweight (36.4%) or obese (26.4%), hypertensive (34.6%), hypercholesteremic (40.3%), and 26% were arthritic. Based on the final multivariable multinomial model, only being overweight (Relative Risk Ratio [RRR] = 1.85, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI] = 1.41, 2.42), obese (RRR = 3.41, 95% CI = 2.61, 4.45), hypertensive (RRR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.33, 2.15), hypercholesterolemic (RRR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.55, 2.43), and arthritic (RRR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.00, 1.55) had significant associations with pre-diabetes. However, more predictors had significant associations with diabetes and the strengths of associations tended to be higher than for the association with pre-diabetes. For instance, the relative risk ratios for the association between diabetes and being overweight (RRR = 2.00, 95% CI = 1.55, 2.57), or obese (RRR = 4.04, 95% CI = 3.22, 5.07), hypertensive (RRR = 2.66, 95% CI = 2.08, 3.41), hypercholesterolemic (RRR = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.61, 2.45) and arthritic (RRR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.58) were all further away from the null than their associations with pre-diabetes. Moreover, a number of variables such as age, income level, sex, and level of physical activity had significant association with diabetes but not pre-diabetes. The risk of diabetes increased with increasing age, lower income, in males, and with physical inactivity. Insufficient physical activity had no significant association with the risk of diabetes or pre-diabetes. Conclusions: There is evidence of differences in the strength of association of the predictors across levels of diabetes status (pre-diabetes and diabetes) among adults ≥18 years in Florida. It is important to monitor populations at high risk for pre-diabetes and diabetes, so as to help guide health programming decisions and resource allocations to control the condition.

Suggested Citation

  • Ifechukwude Obiamaka Okwechime & Shamarial Roberson & Agricola Odoi, 2015. "Prevalence and Predictors of Pre-Diabetes and Diabetes among Adults 18 Years or Older in Florida: A Multinomial Logistic Modeling Approach," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(12), pages 1-17, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0145781
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145781
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0145781
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0145781&type=printable
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1371/journal.pone.0145781?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Morten W. Fagerland & David W. Hosmer, 2012. "A generalized Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test for multinomial logistic regression models," Stata Journal, StataCorp LP, vol. 12(3), pages 447-453, September.
    2. Gaskin, D.J. & Thorpe, R.J., Jr. & McGinty, E.E. & Bower, K. & Rohde, C. & Young, J.H. & LaVeist, T.A. & Dubay, L., 2014. "Disparities in diabetes: The nexus of race, poverty, and place," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 104(11), pages 2147-2155.
    3. Dinca-Panaitescu, Serban & Dinca-Panaitescu, Mihaela & Bryant, Toba & Daiski, Isolde & Pilkington, Beryl & Raphael, Dennis, 2011. "Diabetes prevalence and income: Results of the Canadian Community Health Survey," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 99(2), pages 116-123, February.
    4. Braveman, P.A. & Cubbin, C. & Egerter, S. & Williams, D.R. & Pamuk, E., 2010. "Socioeconomic disparities in health in the united States: What the patterns tell us," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 100(S1), pages 186-196.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ming Zhao & Hongbo Lin & Yanyan Yuan & Fuyan Wang & Yang Xi & Li Ming Wen & Peng Shen & Shizhong Bu, 2016. "Prevalence of Pre-Diabetes and Its Associated Risk Factors in Rural Areas of Ningbo, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-13, August.
    2. Sapkota, Jeet Bahadur & Paudel, Damaru Ballabha & Neupane, Pramila & Thapa, Rajesh Bahadur, 2018. "Preference for Sex of Children Among Women in Nepal," MPRA Paper 106095, University Library of Munich, Germany.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Caitlin Brown & Martin Ravallion, 2023. "Inequality and Social Distancing during the Pandemic," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 21(3), pages 679-702, September.
    2. Paul D. Juarez & Mohammad Tabatabai & Robert Burciaga Valdez & Darryl B. Hood & Wansoo Im & Charles Mouton & Cynthia Colen & Mohammad Z. Al-Hamdan & Patricia Matthews-Juarez & Maureen Y. Lichtveld & D, 2020. "The Effects of Social, Personal, and Behavioral Risk Factors and PM 2.5 on Cardio-Metabolic Disparities in a Cohort of Community Health Center Patients," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-19, May.
    3. Lasse J. Jessen & Sebastian Koehne & Patrick Nüß & Jens Ruhose, 2024. "Socioeconomic Inequality in Life Expectancy: Perception and Policy Demand," CESifo Working Paper Series 10940, CESifo.
    4. Yanrong Qiu & Kaihuai Liao & Yanting Zou & Gengzhi Huang, 2022. "A Bibliometric Analysis on Research Regarding Residential Segregation and Health Based on CiteSpace," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-21, August.
    5. Lowe, Kate & Mosby, Kim, 2016. "The conceptual mismatch: A qualitative analysis of transportation costs and stressors for low-income adults," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 1-8.
    6. Bahram Sanginabadi, 2017. "Resource Abundance and Life Expectancy," Papers 1801.00369, arXiv.org.
    7. Odeyemi Gbenga A., 2015. "Understanding the Dynamics between Income and Health: Evidence Form African’s Richest and Poorest Countries," Journal of Public Policy & Governance, Research Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 2(2), pages 56-67.
    8. Al-Shboul, Mohammad & Al Rawashdeh, Rami, 2022. "The impact of institutional quality and resources rent on health: The case of GCC," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    9. Thorsen, Maggie & McGarvey, Ronald & Thorsen, Andreas, 2020. "Diabetes management at community health centers: Examining associations with patient and regional characteristics, efficiency, and staffing patterns," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    10. Malavika A Subramanyam & Ana V Diez-Roux & J Richard Pilsner & Eduardo Villamor & Kathleen M Donohue & Yongmei Liu & Nancy S Jenny, 2013. "Social Factors and Leukocyte DNA Methylation of Repetitive Sequences: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(1), pages 1-7, January.
    11. Joan Costa-Font & Frank Cowell & Xuezhu Shi & Joan Costa-i-Font, 2023. "Health Inequality and Health Insurance Coverage: The United States and China Compared," CESifo Working Paper Series 10807, CESifo.
    12. Shervin Assari & Maryam Moghani Lankarani, 2018. "Educational Attainment Promotes Fruit and Vegetable Intake for Whites but Not Blacks," J, MDPI, vol. 1(1), pages 1-13, June.
    13. Brassolotto, Julia & Daly, Tamara, 2016. "Scarcity discourses and their impacts on renal care policy, practices, and everyday experiences in rural British Columbia," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 138-146.
    14. Malia Jones & Anne Pebley, 2014. "Redefining Neighborhoods Using Common Destinations: Social Characteristics of Activity Spaces and Home Census Tracts Compared," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 51(3), pages 727-752, June.
    15. Alessandro Rigolon & Matthew H. E. M. Browning & Olivia McAnirlin & Hyunseo (Violet) Yoon, 2021. "Green Space and Health Equity: A Systematic Review on the Potential of Green Space to Reduce Health Disparities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-27, March.
    16. Rucker C. Johnson, 2018. "Addressing Racial Health Disparities: Looking Back to Point the Way Forward," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 680(1), pages 132-171, November.
    17. Factor, Roni & Kawachi, Ichiro & Williams, David R., 2011. "Understanding high-risk behavior among non-dominant minorities: A social resistance framework," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 73(9), pages 1292-1301.
    18. Yeshambel T Nigatu & Tara Elton-Marshall & Hayley A Hamilton, 2023. "Changes in household debt due to COVID-19 and mental health concerns among adults in Ontario, Canada," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 69(3), pages 774-783, May.
    19. Mingyu Li & Dongxiao Niu & Zhengsen Ji & Xiwen Cui & Lijie Sun, 2021. "Forecast Research on Multidimensional Influencing Factors of Global Offshore Wind Power Investment Based on Random Forest and Elastic Net," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-19, November.
    20. Judith M. Ochieng & Janice D. Crist, 2021. "Social Determinants of Health and Health Care Delivery: African American Women’s T2DM Self-Management," Clinical Nursing Research, , vol. 30(3), pages 263-272, March.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0145781. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: plosone (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.