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Examining the Impact of the National Institutes of Health Public Access Policy on the Citation Rates of Journal Articles

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  • Sandra L De Groote
  • Mary Shultz
  • Neil R Smalheiser

Abstract

Purpose: To examine whether National Institutes of Health (NIH) funded articles that were archived in PubMed Central (PMC) after the release of the 2008 NIH Public Access Policy show greater scholarly impact than comparable articles not archived in PMC. Methods: A list of journals across several subject areas was developed from which to collect article citation data. Citation information and cited reference counts of the articles published in 2006 and 2009 from 122 journals were obtained from the Scopus database. The articles were separated into categories of NIH funded, non-NIH funded and whether they were deposited in PubMed Central. An analysis of citation data across a five-year timespan was performed on this set of articles. Results: A total of 45,716 articles were examined, including 7,960 with NIH-funding. An analysis of the number of times these articles were cited found that NIH-funded 2006 articles in PMC were not cited significantly more than NIH-funded non-PMC articles. However, 2009 NIH funded articles in PMC were cited 26% more than 2009 NIH funded articles not in PMC, 5 years after publication. This result is highly significant even after controlling for journal (as a proxy of article quality and topic). Conclusion: Our analysis suggests that factors occurring between 2006 and 2009 produced a subsequent boost in scholarly impact of PubMed Central. The 2008 Public Access Policy is likely to be one such factor, but others may have contributed as well (e.g., growing size and visibility of PMC, increasing availability of full-text linkouts from PubMed, and indexing of PMC articles by Google Scholar).

Suggested Citation

  • Sandra L De Groote & Mary Shultz & Neil R Smalheiser, 2015. "Examining the Impact of the National Institutes of Health Public Access Policy on the Citation Rates of Journal Articles," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(10), pages 1-9, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0139951
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139951
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. K.T.L. Vaughan, 2003. "Changing use patterns of print journals in the digital age: Impacts of electronic equivalents on print chemistry journal use," Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Association for Information Science & Technology, vol. 54(12), pages 1149-1152, October.
    2. Gunther Eysenbach, 2006. "Citation Advantage of Open Access Articles," Working Papers id:626, eSocialSciences.
    3. Craig, Iain D. & Plume, Andrew M. & McVeigh, Marie E. & Pringle, James & Amin, Mayur, 2007. "Do open access articles have greater citation impact?," Journal of Informetrics, Elsevier, vol. 1(3), pages 239-248.
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    2. Adimoelja, Alvina & Athreya, Advait, 2022. "Reducing barriers to open science by standardizing practices and realigning incentives," OSF Preprints hmgnq, Center for Open Science.

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