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Analysis of Causal Relationships by Structural Equation Modeling to Determine the Factors Influencing Cognitive Function in Elderly People in Japan

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  • Daisuke Kimura
  • Ken Nakatani
  • Tokunori Takeda
  • Takashi Fujita
  • Nobuyuki Sunahara
  • Katsumi Inoue
  • Masako Notoya

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to identify a potentiality factor that is a preventive factor for decline in cognitive function. Additionally, this study pursues to clarify the causal relationship between the each potential factor and its influence on cognitive function. Subjects were 366 elderly community residents (mean age 73.7 ± 6.4, male 51, female 315) who participated in the Taketoyo Project from 2007 to 2011. Factor analysis was conducted to identify groupings within mental, social, life, physical and cognitive functions. In order to detect clusters of 14 variables, the item scores were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis. We performed Structural Equation Modeling analysis to calculate the standardization coefficient and correlation coefficient for every factor. The cause and effect hypothesis model was used to gather two intervention theory hypotheses for dementia prevention (direct effect, indirect effect) in one system. Finally, we performed another Structural Equation Modeling analysis to calculate the standardization of the cause and effect hypothesis model. Social participation was found to be activated by the improvement of four factors, and in turn, activated “Social participation” acted on cognitive function.

Suggested Citation

  • Daisuke Kimura & Ken Nakatani & Tokunori Takeda & Takashi Fujita & Nobuyuki Sunahara & Katsumi Inoue & Masako Notoya, 2015. "Analysis of Causal Relationships by Structural Equation Modeling to Determine the Factors Influencing Cognitive Function in Elderly People in Japan," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(2), pages 1-13, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0117554
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117554
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Markku Hyyppä & Juhani Mäki & Erkki Alanen & Olli Impivaara & Arpo Aromaa, 2008. "Long-term Stability of Social Participation," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 88(2), pages 389-396, September.
    2. Stuck, Andreas E. & Walthert, Jutta M. & Nikolaus, Thorsten & Büla, Christophe J. & Hohmann, Christoph & Beck, John C., 1999. "Risk factors for functional status decline in community-living elderly people: a systematic literature review," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 48(4), pages 445-469, February.
    3. Paolo Ghisletta & Jean-François Bickel & Martin Lövdén, 2006. "Does Activity Engagement Protect Against Cognitive Decline in Old Age? Methodological and Analytical Considerations," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 61(5), pages 253-261.
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    1. Mirela Cristea & Graţiela Georgiana Noja & Cecilia-Nicoleta Jurcuţ & Constantin Ştefan Ponea & Elena Sorina Caragiani & Alin Viorel Istodor, 2021. "The Interplay between Public Health, Well-Being and Population Aging in Europe: An Advanced Structural Equation Modelling and Gaussian Network Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-20, February.

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