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Are neighborhood bonding and bridging social capital protective against depressive mood in old age? A multilevel analysis in Japan

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  • Murayama, Hiroshi
  • Nofuji, Yu
  • Matsuo, Eri
  • Nishi, Mariko
  • Taniguchi, Yu
  • Fujiwara, Yoshinori
  • Shinkai, Shoji

Abstract

While the importance of distinguishing between bonding and bridging social capital is now understood, evidence remains sparse on their contextual effects on health. We examined the associations of neighborhood bonding and bridging social capital with depressive mood among older Japanese. A questionnaire survey of all community residents aged 65 and older in the city of Yabu, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan was conducted in July and August 2012. Bonding and bridging social capital were assessed by evaluating individual homogeneous and heterogeneous social networks in relation to age, gender, and socioeconomic status. Individual responses in each neighborhood were aggregated to create an index of neighborhood-level bonding/bridging social capital. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the associations of such social capital with depressive mood using multilevel binomial logistic regression analysis. Of the 7271 questionnaires distributed, 6416 were analyzed (covering 152 administrative neighborhoods). Approximately 56.8% of respondents were women, and the mean age was 76.2 ± 7.1 years. Neighborhood-level bonding social capital was inversely associated with depressive mood (OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.75–0.94), but neighborhood-level bridging social capital was not. Gender-stratified analysis revealed that neighborhood-level bonding social capital was inversely associated with depressive mood in both genders (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.72–0.96 for men; OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.72–0.99 for women), while neighborhood-level bridging social capital was positively associated with depressive mood in women (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.00–1.34). There was also a significant interaction between individual- and neighborhood-level bonding social capital, indicating that people with a weaker homogeneous network and living in a neighborhood with weaker bonding social capital were more likely to have depressive mood. Our results suggest that neighborhood social capital does not necessarily benefit mental health in old age. These findings might stimulate further discussion on the relationship of bonding and bridging social capital with mental health.

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  • Murayama, Hiroshi & Nofuji, Yu & Matsuo, Eri & Nishi, Mariko & Taniguchi, Yu & Fujiwara, Yoshinori & Shinkai, Shoji, 2015. "Are neighborhood bonding and bridging social capital protective against depressive mood in old age? A multilevel analysis in Japan," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 171-179.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:124:y:2015:i:c:p:171-179
    DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.11.042
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Beaudoin, Christopher E., 2009. "Bonding and bridging neighborliness: An individual-level study in the context of health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(12), pages 2129-2136, June.
    2. Murayama, Hiroshi & Nishi, Mariko & Matsuo, Eri & Nofuji, Yu & Shimizu, Yumiko & Taniguchi, Yu & Fujiwara, Yoshinori & Shinkai, Shoji, 2013. "Do bonding and bridging social capital affect self-rated health, depressive mood and cognitive decline in older Japanese? A prospective cohort study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 247-252.
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    3. Liu, Gordon G. & Xue, Xindong & Yu, Chenxi & Wang, Yafeng, 2016. "How does social capital matter to the health status of older adults? Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 177-189.
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    5. Kimiko Tomioka & Norio Kurumatani & Keigo Saeki, 2018. "The differential effects of type and frequency of social participation on IADL declines of older people," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(11), pages 1-17, November.
    6. Seungwon Jeong & Yusuke Inoue & Katsunori Kondo & Kazushige Ide & Yasuhiro Miyaguni & Eisaku Okada & Tokunori Takeda & Toshiyuki Ojima, 2019. "Correlations between Forgetfulness and Social Participation: Community Diagnosing Indicators," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-11, July.
    7. Ka-Man Leung & Folake Orekoya & Adrian J. Bailey & Hor-Yan Lai & Ka-Yi Chan & Ting-Lok Lam, 2020. "Health of Youth in Transition in Hong Kong," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-13, May.
    8. Takashi Oshio, 2017. "Which is More Relevant for Perceived Happiness, Individual-Level or Area-Level Social Capital? A Multilevel Mediation Analysis," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 18(3), pages 765-783, June.
    9. Yanghan Li & Tianyi Chen & Quan Li & Linxiu Jiang, 2023. "The Impact of Subjective Poverty on the Mental Health of the Elderly in China: The Mediating Role of Social Capital," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(17), pages 1-18, August.
    10. Villalonga-Olives, E. & Kawachi, I., 2017. "The dark side of social capital: A systematic review of the negative health effects of social capital," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 105-127.

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