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The Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy on Mortality in HIV Positive People during Tuberculosis Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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  • Anna Odone
  • Silvia Amadasi
  • Richard G White
  • Theodore Cohen
  • Alison D Grant
  • Rein M G J Houben

Abstract

Objective: To quantify the impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on mortality in HIV-positive people during tuberculosis (TB) treatment. Design: We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Studies published from 1996 through February 15, 2013, were identified by searching electronic resources (Pubmed and Embase) and conference books, manual searches of references, and expert consultation. Pooled estimates for the outcome of interest were acquired using random effects meta-analysis. Subjects: The study population included individuals receiving ART before or during TB treatment. Main Outcome Measures: Main outcome measures were: (i) TB-case fatality ratio (CFR), defined as the proportion of individuals dying during TB treatment and, if mortality in HIV-positive people not on ART was also reported, (ii) the relative risk of death during TB treatment by ART status. Results: Twenty-one studies were included in the systematic review. Random effects pooled meta-analysis estimated the CFR between 8% and 14% (pooled estimate 11%). Among HIV-positive TB cases, those receiving ART had a reduction in mortality during TB treatment of between 44% and 71% (RR = 0.42, 95%CI: 0.29–0.56). Conclusion: Starting ART before or during TB therapy reduces the risk of death during TB treatment by around three-fifths in clinical settings. National programmes should continue to expand coverage of ART for HIV positive in order to control the dual epidemic.

Suggested Citation

  • Anna Odone & Silvia Amadasi & Richard G White & Theodore Cohen & Alison D Grant & Rein M G J Houben, 2014. "The Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy on Mortality in HIV Positive People during Tuberculosis Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(11), pages 1-12, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0112017
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112017
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Amitabh B Suthar & Stephen D Lawn & Julia del Amo & Haileyesus Getahun & Christopher Dye & Delphine Sculier & Timothy R Sterling & Richard E Chaisson & Brian G Williams & Anthony D Harries & Reuben M , 2012. "Antiretroviral Therapy for Prevention of Tuberculosis in Adults with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(7), pages 1-15, July.
    2. Megan S C Lim & Robert J Dowdeswell & Jill Murray & Nigel Field & Judith R Glynn & Pam Sonnenberg, 2012. "The Impact of HIV, an Antiretroviral Programme and Tuberculosis on Mortality in South African Platinum Miners, 1992–2010," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(6), pages 1-8, June.
    3. Masja Straetemans & Philippe Glaziou & Ana L Bierrenbach & Charalambos Sismanidis & Marieke J van der Werf, 2011. "Assessing Tuberculosis Case Fatality Ratio: A Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(6), pages 1-1, June.
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    1. Anna Odone & Roger Calderon & Mercedes C Becerra & Zibiao Zhang & Carmen C Contreras & Rosa Yataco & Jerome Galea & Leonid Lecca & Matthew H Bonds & Carole D Mitnick & Megan B Murray, 2016. "Acquired and Transmitted Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis: The Role of Social Determinants," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(1), pages 1-7, January.

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