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The Efficacy of Landscape-Level Conservation in Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve, China

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  • Jianliang Zhang
  • Fangzheng Liu
  • Guofa Cui

Abstract

Anthropogenic landscape alteration is rather common in many protected areas (PAs), jeopardizing the efficacy of PAs conservation. However, the general consensus is that PAs still remain effective in habitat conservation. To assess the efficacy of landscape-level conservation, we examined landscape alterations in the Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve (CMBR), which was established in 1960 as a “flagship” protected area in China. Based on analyses of high-resolution satellite images and data of forest inventory, field survey and interview, we developed two new indexes to assess the efficacy of landscape conservation, i.e. the quality index of protected landscape and the interference index of anthropogenic landscape. From 1993 to 2012, the quality index increased from 74.48 to 75.50, and the interference index decreased from 0.49 to 0.06, suggesting that the overall quality of protected landscape improved and the degree of anthropogenic interference decreased in CMBR. The increase in landscape quality was mainly due to the progressive vegetation recovery of previous cutover land in the windthrow area, the cease of the use of the cultivated land, and the amelioration of spatial pattern of protected landscape. We conclude that the current landscape conservation methods used in CMBR are effective, and the method we developed has the potential to be used to assess the efficacy of landscape-level conservation in nature reserves worldwide.

Suggested Citation

  • Jianliang Zhang & Fangzheng Liu & Guofa Cui, 2014. "The Efficacy of Landscape-Level Conservation in Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve, China," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(4), pages 1-9, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0095081
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095081
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    Cited by:

    1. Yangjing Peng & Minghao Meng & Zhihao Huang & Ruifeng Wang & Guofa Cui, 2021. "Landscape Connectivity Analysis and Optimization of Qianjiangyuan National Park, Zhejiang Province, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-21, May.
    2. Sena-Vittini, Mildred & Gomez-Valenzuela, Victor & Ramirez, Katerin, 2023. "Social perceptions and conservation in protected areas: Taking stock of the literature," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    3. Zhihao Huang & Yangjing Peng & Ruifeng Wang & Guofa Cui & Bo Zhang & Nachuan Lu, 2021. "Exploring the Rapid Assessment Method for Nature Reserve Landscape Protection Effectiveness—A Case Study of Liancheng National Nature Reserve, Gansu, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-18, April.
    4. Hui Tao & Ying Nan & Zhi-Feng Liu, 2017. "Spatiotemporal Patterns of Forest in the Transnational Area of Changbai Mountain from 1977 to 2015: A Comparative Analysis of the Chinese and DPRK Sub-Regions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-23, June.

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