IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/plo/pone00/0092842.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Excess Burden of Depression among HIV-Infected Persons Receiving Medical Care in the United States: Data from the Medical Monitoring Project and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

Author

Listed:
  • Ann N Do
  • Eli S Rosenberg
  • Patrick S Sullivan
  • Linda Beer
  • Tara W Strine
  • Jeffrey D Schulden
  • Jennifer L Fagan
  • Mark S Freedman
  • Jacek Skarbinski

Abstract

Background: With increased life expectancy for HIV-infected persons, there is concern regarding comorbid depression because of its common occurrence and association with behaviors that may facilitate HIV transmission. Our objectives were to estimate the prevalence of current depression among HIV-infected persons receiving care and assess the burden of major depression, relative to that in the general population. Methods and Findings: We used data from the Medical Monitoring Project (MMP) and the Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System (BRFSS). The eight-item Patient Health Questionnaire was used to identify depression. To assess the burden of major depression among HIV-infected persons receiving care, we compared the prevalence of current major depression between the MMP and BRFSS populations using stratified analyses that simultaneously controlled for gender and, in turn, each of the potentially confounding demographic factors of age, race/ethnicity, education, and income. Each unadjusted comparison was summarized as a prevalence ratio (PR), and each of the adjusted comparisons was summarized as a standardized prevalence ratio (SPR). Among HIV-infected persons receiving care, the prevalence of a current episode of major depression and other depression, respectively, was 12.4% (95% CI: 11.2, 13.7) and 13.2% (95% CI: 12.0%, 14.4%). Overall, the PR comparing the prevalence of current major depression between HIV-infected persons receiving care and the general population was 3.1. When controlling for gender and each of the factors age, race/ethnicity, and education, the SPR (3.3, 3.0, and 2.9, respectively) was similar to the PR. However, when controlling for gender and annual household income, the SPR decreased to 1.5. Conclusions: Depression remains a common comorbidity among HIV-infected persons. The overall excess burden among HIV-infected persons receiving care is about three-times that among the general population and is associated with differences in annual household income between the two populations. Relevant efforts are needed to reduce this burden.

Suggested Citation

  • Ann N Do & Eli S Rosenberg & Patrick S Sullivan & Linda Beer & Tara W Strine & Jeffrey D Schulden & Jennifer L Fagan & Mark S Freedman & Jacek Skarbinski, 2014. "Excess Burden of Depression among HIV-Infected Persons Receiving Medical Care in the United States: Data from the Medical Monitoring Project and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(3), pages 1-10, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0092842
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092842
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0092842
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0092842&type=printable
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1371/journal.pone.0092842?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Cook, J.A. & Grey, D. & Burke, J. & Cohen, M.H. & Gurtman, A.C. & Richardson, J.L. & Wilson, T.E. & Young, M.A. & Hessol, N.A., 2004. "Depressive symptoms and AIDS-related mortality among a multisite cohort of HIV-positive women," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 94(7), pages 1133-1140.
    2. Chaoyang Li & Earl Ford & Guixiang Zhao & James Tsai & Lina Balluz, 2012. "A comparison of depression prevalence estimates measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire with two administration modes: computer-assisted telephone interviewing versus computer-assisted personal i," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 57(1), pages 225-233, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Perry, Elizabeth W. & Culbreth, Rachel & Swahn, Monica & Kasirye, Rogers & Self-Brown, Shannon, 2020. "Psychological distress among orphaned youth and youth reporting sexual exploitation in Kampala, Uganda," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Feldman, Matthew B. & Weinberg, Gregg S. & Wu, Elwin, 2012. "Evaluation of a system designed to link people living with HIV/AIDS with mental health services at an AIDS-service organization," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 133-138.
    2. Jason Roy & Michael J. Daniels, 2008. "A General Class of Pattern Mixture Models for Nonignorable Dropout with Many Possible Dropout Times," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 64(2), pages 538-545, June.
    3. Paul Dolan & Georgios Kavetsos, 2012. "Happy Talk: Mode of Administration Effects on Subjective Well-Being," CEP Discussion Papers dp1159, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    4. Reisinger, James, 2022. "Subjective well-being and social desirability," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 214(C).
    5. Dickens Akena & Seggane Musisi & John Joska & Dan J Stein, 2012. "The Association between Aids Related Stigma and Major Depressive Disorder among HIV-Positive Individuals in Uganda," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(11), pages 1-6, November.
    6. Tsai, Alexander C. & Bangsberg, David R. & Frongillo, Edward A. & Hunt, Peter W. & Muzoora, Conrad & Martin, Jeffrey N. & Weiser, Sheri D., 2012. "Food insecurity, depression and the modifying role of social support among people living with HIV/AIDS in rural Uganda," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 74(12), pages 2012-2019.
    7. Okeke, Edward N. & Wagner, Glenn J., 2013. "AIDS treatment and mental health: Evidence from Uganda," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 27-34.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0092842. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: plosone (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.