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Labour Supply and Earning Functions of Educated Married Women: A Case Study of Northern Punjab

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  • Eatzaz Ahmad

    (Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad)

Abstract

This study analyses labour supply of educated married women in Mandi Bahauddin, a typical district of northern Punjab in Pakistan. The study finds that the education level and economic compulsion are important factors affecting women s labour force participation decision. But, otherwise, they are independent in their decision-making, e.g., the women living in joint families or those with less educated husbands and/or parents are not socially constrained in terms of participation. Human capital variables like education, experience, and training, besides the nature of occupation and distance from the central city, are the important factors affecting women s earning rates, while the hours of work are mainly determined institutionally.

Suggested Citation

  • Eatzaz Ahmad, 2007. "Labour Supply and Earning Functions of Educated Married Women: A Case Study of Northern Punjab," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 46(1), pages 45-62.
    • Handle: RePEc:pid:journl:v:46:y:2007:i:1:p:45-62
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    File URL: http://www.pide.org.pk/pdf/PDR/2007/Volume1/45-62.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jacob Mincer & Solomon Polachek, 1974. "Family Investments in Human Capital: Earnings of Women," NBER Chapters, in: Marriage, Family, Human Capital, and Fertility, pages 76-110, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Killingsworth, Mark R. & Heckman, James J., 1987. "Female labor supply: A survey," Handbook of Labor Economics, in: O. Ashenfelter & R. Layard (ed.), Handbook of Labor Economics, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 2, pages 103-204, Elsevier.
    3. Tassawar Saeed Ibraz, 1993. "The Cultural Context of Women's Productive Invisibility: A Case Study of a Pakistani Village," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 32(1), pages 101-125.
    4. Heckman, James, 2013. "Sample selection bias as a specification error," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 31(3), pages 129-137.
    5. Khandker, Shahidur R, 1988. "Determinants of Women's Time Allocation in Rural Bangladesh," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 37(1), pages 111-126, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Safana Shaheen & Maqbool Hussain Sial & Masood Sarwar Awan, 2011. "Female Labor Force Participation in Pakistan: A Case of Punjab," Journal of Social and Development Sciences, AMH International, vol. 2(3), pages 104-110.
    2. Makino, Momoe, 2012. "What motivates female operators to enter the garment industry in Pakistan in the post-MFA period?," IDE Discussion Papers 374, Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization(JETRO).
    3. Muhammad Zahir Faridi & Ayesha Rashid, 2014. "The Correlates of Educated Women’s Labor Force Participation in Pakistan: A Micro-Study," Lahore Journal of Economics, Department of Economics, The Lahore School of Economics, vol. 19(2), pages 155-184, July-Dec.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Labour Force and Employment; Size; and Structure; Time Allocation and Labour Supply;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply

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