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Institutional Change, Growth, and Poverty Levels in Pakistan

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  • A. R. Kemal

    (Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Islamabad.)

Abstract

It is now well-recognised that institutions matter in the growth process both directly and indirectly. Well-functioning institutions lead to higher investment levels, better policies, increase in social capital stock of a community, and better management of ethnic diversity and conflicts [see for example North (1990, 1994); Jutting (2003); Rodrik, et al. (2002); Dollar and Kray (2002); World Bank (2002); Aron (2000); Chu (2001) and Frischtak (1995)]. That the decay of institutions has led to poor governance—and the urgent need for improved governance in Pakistan particularly—has been well-documented in DRI/McGraw-Hill (1998); Pakistan (1999) and Hassan (2002). Transparent, participatory, and efficient working of institutions ensures correct priorities and appropriate policies; their effective and efficient implementation results in high growth, better income distribution, and alleviation of poverty

Suggested Citation

  • A. R. Kemal, 2003. "Institutional Change, Growth, and Poverty Levels in Pakistan," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 42(4), pages 299-311.
    • Handle: RePEc:pid:journl:v:42:y:2003:i:4:p:299-311
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    File URL: http://www.pide.org.pk/pdf/PDR/2003/Volume4/299-311.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dani Rodrik & Arvind Subramanian & Francesco Trebbi, 2004. "Institutions Rule: The Primacy of Institutions Over Geography and Integration in Economic Development," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 9(2), pages 131-165, June.
    2. Oliver E. Williamson, 2000. "The New Institutional Economics: Taking Stock, Looking Ahead," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 38(3), pages 595-613, September.
    3. Beck, Thorsten & Clarke, George & Groff, Alberto & Keefer, Philip & Walsh, Patrick, 2000. "New tools and new tests in comparative political economy - the database of political institutions," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2283, The World Bank.
    4. Ke-Young Chu, 2001. "Collective Values, Behavioural Norms, and Rules: Building Institutions for Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction," WIDER Working Paper Series DP2001-98, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    5. Mr. Arvind Subramanian & Mr. Francesco Trebbi & Mr. Dani Rodrik, 2002. "Institutions Rule: The Primacy of Institutions over Integration and Geography in Economic Development," IMF Working Papers 2002/189, International Monetary Fund.
    6. Aron, Janine, 2000. "Growth and Institutions: A Review of the Evidence," The World Bank Research Observer, World Bank, vol. 15(1), pages 99-135, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Israr Fahad & Ali Rehmat, 2013. "Impact Of Macroeconomic Policies On Poverty Alleviation In Pakistan," Romanian Economic Business Review, Romanian-American University, vol. 8(4), pages 48-60, december.
    2. Younis, Fizza, 2015. "Institutional Quality, Foreign Aid and Economic Performance," MPRA Paper 74147, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. S. M. Naseem, 2012. "A Review Of Studies On Poverty In Pakistan: Origin, Evolution, Thematic Content And Future Directions," PIDE Books, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, number 2012:1 edited by Rashid Amjad.
    4. Younis, Fizza, 2015. "Institutional Change and Economic Growth in Pakistan," MPRA Paper 72938, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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