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Mapping feasible routes towards economic diversification and industrial upgrading in the Philippines

Author

Listed:
  • Annette O. Balaoing-Pelkmans

    (University of the Philippines)

  • Adrian R. Mendoza

    (University of the Philippines)

Abstract

Using time series data from 1961 to 2023, we estimate econometric models to answer the following questions: 1) What factors drive economic diversification in the Philippines? 2) What role does industrialization play in broader-based diversification? and 3) What are the benefits of economic diversification in the country? The empirical results suggest that re-industrializing the domestic production base can significantly enhance economic diversification. Strategies that accelerate the growth of local industries, especially to catch up with the dominant services sector, are vital. Effective policies should focus on developing physical and human capital, improving connectivity, and fostering domestic innovation. This push for greater diversification is justified by its potential benefits on output and growth stability, and diversification and growth of exports. The paper also explores various routes towards economic diversification and industrial upgrading in the Philippines using the product space approach. The first route is directed towards leapfrogging to a more sophisticated economic structure in the product space. The second route points at climbing the value ladder within global value chains. The third route leads to the strengthening of the local industrial base that is heavily populated by small and medium-sized establishments.

Suggested Citation

  • Annette O. Balaoing-Pelkmans & Adrian R. Mendoza, 2024. "Mapping feasible routes towards economic diversification and industrial upgrading in the Philippines," Philippine Review of Economics, University of the Philippines School of Economics and Philippine Economic Society, vol. 61(2), pages 55-81, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:phs:prejrn:v:61:y:2024:i:2:p:55-81
    as

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    File URL: https://pre.econ.upd.edu.ph/index.php/pre/article/view/1057/999
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Acemoglu, Daron & Zilibotti, Fabrizio, 1997. "Was Prometheus Unbound by Chance? Risk, Diversification, and Growth," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 105(4), pages 709-751, August.
    2. Serafica, Ramonette B. & Bayudan-Dacuycuy, Connie, 2019. "Facilitating Structural Transformation through Product Space Analysis: The Case of Philippine Exports," Research Paper Series RPS 2019-06, Philippine Institute for Development Studies.
    3. Annette O. Balaoing-Pelkmans & Adrian R. Mendoza, 2024. "Structural change and industrial upgrading in the Philippines: Stylized facts and routes towards sophisticated economic diversification," UP School of Economics Discussion Papers 202405, University of the Philippines School of Economics.
    4. Annette O. Balaoing-Pelkmans, 2017. "A new look at Philippine export performance-a firm-level view," Philippine Review of Economics, University of the Philippines School of Economics and Philippine Economic Society, vol. 54(1), pages 1-31, June.
    5. Balisacan, Arsenio M. & Hill, Hal (ed.), 2003. "The Philippine Economy: Development, Policies, and Challenges," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780195158984.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    economic diversification; industrial upgrading; structural transformation; manufacturing; exports; product space; global value chains; SMEs; Philippines;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L16 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics; Macroeconomic Industrial Structure
    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology
    • O25 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy - - - Industrial Policy
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes

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