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Determinants of outward FDI from emerging economies

Author

Listed:
  • Andrzej Cieslik

    (University of Warsaw, Poland)

  • Giang Hien Tran

    (Mekong Development Research Institute, Vietnam)

Abstract

Research background: The last four decades have witnessed an upsurge of multi-nationals from emerging markets alongside a narrowed gap in growth prospects between developed and emerging economies. UNCTAD statistics show that FDI flows from emerging economies have gone been going steady since 1980 and occupied more than one fifth of global FDI stock in 2015. Japan led the reverse FDI trend when it started to invest abroad in the 1960s and 1970s. Two decades later, in the 1980s-1990s, the reverse FDI trend was continued by so-called Asian tigers, then recently by those rapidly-industrializing economies in Southeast Asia as well as China and India in East and South Asia. Purpose of the article: The main goal of this paper is to contribute empirically to the study of the determinants of FDI outflows from emerging economies. Methods: In order to derive empirically testable hypotheses this paper refers to theoretical Knowledge-Capital model developed by Markusen (2002). The model is estimated using the Poisson-Pseudo Maximum Likelihood estimation technique. The specific research hypotheses derived from the theory are verified using a panel dataset of 38 home emerging countries and 134 host countries over the period 2001–2012. Findings & Value added: In this paper, we distinguish between horizontal and vertical reasons for FDI. Our estimation results support the hypothesis that main-stream theory of multinational enterprise can explain FDI flows from emerging economies, implying the significant roles of total market size, skilled-labor abundance, investment cost, trade cost as well as geographical distance between two countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrzej Cieslik & Giang Hien Tran, 2019. "Determinants of outward FDI from emerging economies," Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, Institute of Economic Research, vol. 14(2), pages 209-231, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:pes:ierequ:v:14:y:2019:i:2:p:209-231
    DOI: 10.24136/eq.2019.010
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Valmor Comim Junior, 2021. "Literature review on Drivers of Chinese Outward Foreign Direct Investment," International Journal of Science and Business, IJSAB International, vol. 5(4), pages 143-157.
    2. Sri Indah Nikensari & NFD Puspitasari & Amin Pujiati, 2020. "Demand and Strategy of Imports in Declining Foreign Exchange Reserves," International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), vol. 0(3), pages 96-110.
    3. Arup Kumar Chattopadhyay & Debdas Rakshit & Payel Chatterjee & Ananya Paul, 2022. "Trends and Determinants of FDI with Implications of COVID-19 in BRICS," Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies, Emerging Markets Forum, vol. 14(1), pages 43-59, January.
    4. Özcan Karahan & Musa Bayır, 2022. "The effects of monetary policies on foreign direct investment inflows in emerging economies: some policy implications for post-COVID-19," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 8(1), pages 1-14, December.
    5. Wiesława Lizinska & Roman Kisiel & Alina Zrobek-Rozanska, 2020. "Foreign Direct Investment in Poland and Changes in the Branch Structure," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(Special 1), pages 201-214.
    6. Omar Al-kasasbeh & Amro Alzghoul & Khaled Alghraibeh, 2022. "Global FDI inflows and outflows in emerging economies Post-COVID-19 era," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 8(1), pages 1-9, December.
    7. Irawan Soerodjo, 2020. "Joint Venture as a Model of Cooperation in the Infrastructure Projects in Indonesia," International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), vol. 0(2), pages 396-401.
    8. Henri Bezuidenhout & Gabriel Mhonyera & Jacob Van Rensburg & Hsia Hua Sheng & José Marcos Carrera & Xinjian Cui, 2021. "Emerging Market Global Players: The Case of Brazil, China and South Africa," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-19, November.
    9. Kuc‑Czarnecka, Marta & Saltelli, Andrea & Olczyk, Magdalena & Reinert, Erik, 2021. "The opening of Central and Eastern European countries to free trade: A critical assessment," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 23-34.
    10. Hu, Dengfeng & You, Kefei & Esiyok, Bulent, 2021. "Foreign direct investment among developing markets and its technological impact on host: Evidence from spatial analysis of Chinese investment in Africa," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 166(C).
    11. Michał Bernard Pietrzak & Bartłomiej Igliński & Wojciech Kujawski & Paweł Iwański, 2021. "Energy Transition in Poland—Assessment of the Renewable Energy Sector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-23, April.
    12. Muhammad Imran & Abdul Rashid, 2023. "The Empirical Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment Episodes," Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies, Emerging Markets Forum, vol. 15(3), pages 409-435, September.
    13. Lupton, Nathaniel C. & Baulkaran, Vishaal & No, Yeonji, 2022. "Subsidiary staffing, location choice, and shareholder rights effectiveness," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 222-231.
    14. Shi, Buchao & Huang, Liangxiong & Wei, Shengmin & Geng, Xinyue, 2022. "Overseas industrial parks and China's outward foreign direct investment," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    foreign direct investment (FDI); knowledge-capital (KC) model; emerging multinationals; Pseudo-Poisson maximum likelihood (PPML);
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business

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