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The Internet, Bank Structure and Small Business Lending

Author

Listed:
  • Steven G. Craig

    (University of Houston)

  • Polly T. Hardee

    (University of Houston)

Abstract

The advent of the Internet has opened many opportunities for bankers to access new customers, increase convenience and expand product ranges in many markets, including that of small businesses. Yet anecdotal evidence reveals that smaller banks are reluctant to employ Internet technology in the small business market for fear of damaging the customer relationship developed through personal contact. These smaller, more simply structured banks tend to specialize in small business lending, possessing a comparative advantage in that market (Craig and Hardee, 2001). This is particularly so in relationship driven credits where personal knowledge of the borrower is paramount over financial ratios produced through credit scoring models (Berger and Udell, 1995, 1994). However, with technological advances, large banks have captured a greater share of the small business loan market (Ely and Robinson, 2001; Mester, 1997). Furthermore, large complex financial institutions have made greater inroads in establishing an Internet presence on the World Wide Web and have the most ambitious online banking agendas (Furst, Lang and Nolle, 2000). Within the financial services industry consolidations are ongoing and information technologies rapidly improve. The result is much larger, complex banks participating more in small business lending (SBL) relative to the fewer small, simply structured ones—in contrast to what older evidence reveals (Ely and Robinson, 2001). Consequently, the purpose of this paper is to determine if, with advanced technologies along with the changing face of the industry, bank structure continues to impact SBL; and if specifically Internet banking “levels the playing field†in that market. We define an Internet bank as any commercial bank maintaining a World Wide Web site on which banking transactions may be conducted electronically. These range from basic Internet services such as account inquiries to total financial management of a customer?s assets.

Suggested Citation

  • Steven G. Craig & Polly T. Hardee, 2002. "The Internet, Bank Structure and Small Business Lending," Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance, Pepperdine University, Graziadio School of Business and Management, vol. 7(1), pages 77-98, Spring.
    • Handle: RePEc:pep:journl:v:7:y:2002:i:1:p:77-98
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Goldberg, Lawrence G. & White, Lawrence J., 1998. "De novo banks and lending to small businesses: An empirical analysis," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 22(6-8), pages 851-867, August.
    2. Gregory E. Elliehausen & John D. Wolken, 1990. "Banking markets and the use of financial services by small and medium- sized businesses," Federal Reserve Bulletin, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.), issue Oct, pages 801-817.
    3. Allen N. Berger & Gregory F. Udell, 1994. "Lines of credit and relationship lending in small firm finance," Proceedings 52, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
    4. Halvorsen, Robert & Palmquist, Raymond, 1980. "The Interpretation of Dummy Variables in Semilogarithmic Equations," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 70(3), pages 474-475, June.
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    6. Richard J. Sullivan, 2000. "How has the adoption of Internet banking affected performance and risk in banks?," Financial Industry Perspectives, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, issue Dec, pages 1-16.
    7. Strahan, Philip E. & Weston, James P., 1998. "Small business lending and the changing structure of the banking industry1," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 22(6-8), pages 821-845, August.
    8. Kennedy, Peter E, 1981. "Estimation with Correctly Interpreted Dummy Variables in Semilogarithmic Equations [The Interpretation of Dummy Variables in Semilogarithmic Equations]," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 71(4), pages 801-801, September.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Bank; Lending; Debt; Bank Structure; Internet;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • M13 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - New Firms; Startups

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